The Sabians

Eagle continued, "The Sabians (As-Sābi’an) mentioned in the Qur’ān:

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَالَّذِينَ هَادُوا وَالنَّصَارَىٰ وَالصَّابِئِينَ مَنْ آمَنَ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَعَمِلَ صَالِحًا فَلَهُمْ أَجْرُهُمْ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ وَلَا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا هُمْ يَحْزَنُونَ

"Indeed, those who believed and those who were Jews or Christians or Sabians [before Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ)] - those [among them] who believed in Allah and the Last Day and did righteousness - will have their reward with their Lord, and no fear will there be concerning them, nor will they grieve." - [QS.2:62]

In this verse, Allah stated that the earlier nations who were righteous and obedient received the rewards for their good deeds. This shall be the case, until the Day of Judgment. Therefore, whoever follows the unlettered Messenger and Prophet, shall acquire eternal happiness and shall neither fear from what will happen in the future nor become sad for what has been lost in the past.
‘Ali bin Abi Talhah narrated from Ibn ‘Abbas, about the verse, "Indeed, those who believed and those who were Jews or Christians or Sabians [before Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ)] - those [among them] who believed in Allah and the Last Day...", that Allah revealed the following Ayah afterwards,

وَمَنْ يَبْتَغِ غَيْرَ الْإِسْلَامِ دِينًا فَلَنْ يُقْبَلَ مِنْهُ وَهُوَ فِي الْآخِرَةِ مِنَ الْخَاسِرِينَ

"And whoever desires other than Islam as religion - never will it be accepted from him, and he, in the Hereafter, will be among the losers." - [QS.3:85]

This statement by Ibn ‘Abbas indicates that Allah does not accept any deed or work from anyone, unless it conforms to the Law of Muhammad (ﷺ) that is, after Allah sent Muhammad (ﷺ). Before that, every person who followed the guidance of his own Prophet was on the correct path, following the correct guidance and was saved.

The Jews are the followers of Prophet Musa, alayhissalam, who used to refer to the Tawrah for judgment. The Jews were called 'Yahud', a word that means, ‘repenting’, just as Musa said,

اِنَّا ہُدۡنَاۤ اِلَیۡکَ

"...Certainly we have Hudna to You..." - [QS.7:156]

meaning, we repent to You.
This indicates that they were first called Yahud, because they repented and, because they were kind to each other. It was also said that they were called Yahud in reference to Yahuda (Judah) the eldest son of Prophet Ya'qub. Abu ‘Amr bin Al-'Ala’ said that they were called Yahud, because they swayed when they read the Tawrah.

Iblis's deception of Jews took many forms. Here are some examples. They claimed that there are similarities between The Creator and His creation. Had this been true, then everything applicable to the creator would be applicable to the creation. Abu Jamid said that Jews claim that god was a man made fom light sitting on a chair of light, wearing a crown of light, and that he had limbs similar to human limbs.
Another example is, their claim that 'Uzayr was Allah's son. Had they understood the reality of childhood, they would have realised that it could only take occur when the father give a piece of him (sperm). Allah would never give a piece of Him away because He is not composed of different pieces. Also, the son usually is of the same status as the father. Yet, 'Uzayr had to eat to survive. How could he have been a god when a god was always needed and was never in need. They only assumed that 'Uzayr was Allah's son because he came back fom the dead and recited the Torah from memory.

What proves that Jews are weak minded is that after seeing Allah's ability of splitting the sea, they requested to worship idols saying, "Make fr us a god as they have gods". When Musa scolded them for making this request, they continued to wish for such an idol but in secret. Their wish finally came true when they worshiped the calf.
This was a result of two things, first, their ignorance of The Creator, and second, that they wanted something that they could sense, because feeling was more effective to them than contemplating. Had they not been ignorant of their Rabb, they would not have called him with bad words, such as, "Allah is poor" and "Allah's hand is tied."
lblis also deceived them into thinking that Shari'ahs may never be abrogated. However, they knew well that in Adam's Shari'ah, it was permissible to marry one's sister and to work on Saturday. This was abrogated by Musa's religon. They said, "Whenever Alah orders something then it may never be changed."
Another example of lblis's deception of Jews was their claim, "The Hellfire shall not touch us but for a few numbered days." These days are the days during which they worshiped the calf.

Their shameful acts were numerous. lblis also caused them to become very stubborn to the point of denying that Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) was described in their book. They modifed the verses that mentioned this, refused to beleve in Him and accepted the punishment of the Hereafer.
So their scholars were stubborn, and the ignorant among them followed. And they modifed their religion to suit thei needs, so how could servitude be manifsted in those who abandoned Allah's order and acted upon their desires. They used to disobey Musa, alayhissalam, and accuse him of having overly large testicles! And they accused him of killing Harun, alayhissalam, and also accused Dawud, alayhissalam, with regard to the wife of Irya.

The Christians were called ‘Nasara’. When Isa was sent, the Children of Israel were required to follow and obey him. The followers of Isa and his companions are called An-Nasara, because they gave aid and support to each other. They are also called Ansar (helpers), as ‘Isa said,

مَنۡ اَنۡصَارِیۡۤ اِلَی اللّٰہِ ؕ قَالَ الۡحَوَارِیُّوۡنَ نَحۡنُ اَنۡصَارُ اللّٰ

"...Who will be my helpers in Allah's cause?" Al-Hawariyyun said, "We are the Ansar of Allah..." - [QS.61:14]

It was said that they were called ‘Nasara’, because they inhabited a land called An-Nasirah (Nazareth), as Qatadah, Ibn Jurayj and Ibn ‘Abbas were reported to have said it. Nasara is certainly plural for Nasran.

When Allah sent Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) as the Last and Final Prophet and Messenger to all of the Children of Adam, mankind was required to believe in him, obey him and refrain from what he prohibited them; those who do this are true believers. The Ummah was called ‘Mu’minin (believers) because of the depth of their faith and certainty, and because they believe in all of the previous Prophets and matters of the Unseen.

Iblis's deception of al-Nasara took many forms. Here are some examples. He deceived them to think that The Creator (the Mighty and the Majestic) was of matter form. Al-Ya'qubiyyah, followers of Ya'qub, al-Malikiyyah, followers of the King's (Constantine) Religion, and al-Nastiriyyah, followers of Nastur, all have said that Allah is one essence but is three distinct characters: the father, the son and the holy spirit. Some of them claimed that the three characters were only features. Others said they were attributes. And others claimed that they were persons. They forgot that had Allah been of matter from them everything that was applicable to matter must be applicable to Him, such as being confined by space, motion, stillness and color.

Then Iblis convinced some of them to believe that 'Isa, alayhissalam, was Allah. Abu Muhammad al-NubakhtI said, 'Al-Malikis and al-Ya'qubis claimed that Maryam gave birth to the Rabb. Iblis whispered to some of them to believe that 'Isa was Allah's son.' Others claimed that 'Isa had two essences, one ancient and the other recent. They confirmed 'Isa's need for food and that he was crucifed and unable to repel harm away fom himself. They said, "That which was crucifed was the humanistic essence.'' Well, could not the divne essence have repelled harm away fom the humanistic essence? 

Iblis also deceived them into denying our Prophet (ﷺ) although he was mentioned in the Injil. Some People of the Book admitted that our Prophet (ﷺ) was a true Prophet but sent only to Arabs. This was another aspect of Iblis's deception of them, because once they admitted that Muhammad (ﷺ) was a Prophet, they should have confrmed that he could not have been a liar. He (ﷺ) said, "I was sent to all people", and he (ﷺ) wrote letters to kings of non-Arab nations inviting them to Islam.

Iblis also deceived Jews and Christians into believing that Allah will never punish them for their ancestor's sake. Their ancestors included Prophets and righteous people. Allah, the Mighty and the Majestic, reported their saying,

وَ قَالَتِ الۡیَہُوۡدُ وَ النَّصٰرٰی نَحۡنُ اَبۡنٰٓؤُا اللّٰہِ وَ اَحِبَّآؤُہٗ ؕ قُلۡ فَلِمَ یُعَذِّبُکُمۡ بِذُنُوۡبِکُمۡ ؕ بَلۡ اَنۡتُمۡ بَشَرٌ مِّمَّنۡ خَلَقَ ؕ یَغۡفِرُ لِمَنۡ یَّشَآءُ وَ یُعَذِّبُ مَنۡ یَّشَآءُ ؕ وَ لِلّٰہِ مُلۡکُ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَ الۡاَرۡضِ وَ مَا بَیۡنَہُمَا ۫ وَ اِلَیۡہِ الۡمَصِیۡرُ

"But the Jews and the Christians say, 'We are the children of Allah and His beloved.' Say, 'Then why does He punish you for your sins?' Rather, you are human beings from among those He has created. He forgives whom He wills, and He punishes whom He wills. And to Allah belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth and whatever is between them, and to Him is the [final] destination. - [QS.5:18]

As for the Sabians or Sabiun, there is a difference of opinion over the identity of the Sabians. Sufyan Ath-Thawri said that Layth bin Abu Sulaym said that Mujahid said that, “The Sabians are between the Majus, the Jews and the Christians. They do not have a specific religion.” Others say that the Sabians are a sect among the People of the Book who used to read the Zabur (Psalms), others say that they are a people who worshipped the angels or the stars. It appears that the closest opinion to the truth, and Allah knows best, is Mujahid’s statement and those who agree with him like Wahb bin Munabbih, that the Sabians are neither Jews nor Christians nor Majus nor polytheists. Rather, they did not have a specific religion that they followed and enforced, because they remained living according to their Fitrah (instinctual nature). This is why the idolators used to call whoever embraced Islam a ‘Sabi’, meaning, that he abandoned all religions that existed on the earth. Some scholars stated that the Sabians are those who never received a message by any Prophet.

Regarding the Sabians, Ibn Al-Qayyim stated, “The Sabians are an ancient people who preceded the Jews and Christians… They were not Jews, Christians or Magians. They were two factions: The monotheistic Sabians and the idolatrous Sabians. So it is the monotheists who were the saved-ones among them. And between the two factions, there were disputes and refutations. They were the people of the Prophet Ibrahim, alayhissalam, just as the Jews were the people of Musa, alayhissalam. And the monotheists of the Sabians were Ibrahim’s followers.”
Ibn al-Qayyim makes the point in Ahkām Ahludh-Dhimmah that in general, the Sabians were better than the Magians. The Magians or Zoroastrians (Arabic: Al-Majoos), in terms of religion, are worse than the Jews, Christians and Sabians – indeed they are the worst of cultures in terms of religion. They have no adherence to any revealed book nor affiliation to a revealed religion. For this reason, when the Persians defeated the Romans (i.e. the Christian Byzantines) at the time of the Prophet (ﷺ), the idolators of Makkah rejoiced at the victory of the Persian Magians, because they were similar to them. The Makkans also were not people of any revealed scripture (just like the Persian-Magians), and so they behaved wickedly towards the Muslims of Makkah. Later, when the Romans defeated the Persians, the Muslims rejoiced because the Christians are closer to the Muslims than the Magians due to the fact that the Christians have a revealed book.

The Magians believe in the concept of dual deities (gods) or supreme forces which oppose each other. Their god, Ahura Mazda, “existed in light and goodness above, while the god of evil, Angra Mainyu, “existed in darkness and ignorance below.” They have existed independently of each other for all time, and make themselves manifest in opposing materials. Zoroastrianism appeared in Iran (Persia) at around the 6th Century BCE, and Zoroastrians (Magians) worship in the presence of some form of fire because they consider it a medium through which spiritual insight and wisdom are attained – and water is treated in much the same way. For this reason, they are often referred to as ‘fire-worshippers” and they were renowned for their building of temples of fire. They have survived until this time and live mostly in India and Iran.

According to Ibn Al-Jawzi, the Sabians (al-Sabi'in) were those who left one religion for the sake of another. Scholars had ten different opinions regardig them. The first was that their religion was a mix between Christianity and Zoroastrianism. The second was, that their religion was a mix between Judaism and Zoroastrianism. The tihrd was that their religion was a mix between Judaism and Christianity. The fourth was that they were a sect of Christianity but that they adopted less radical views. The fifth was that they were a sect of polytheists with no holy book. The sixth was that they were the same as Zoroastrians. The seventh was that they were fom the people of the Book and hat their holy book was al-Zabur. The eighth was that they were a people who prayed towards our qiblah, who prayed to angels and whose holy book was al-Zabur. The ninth was that were simply a sect of the People of the Book. The tenth was that they were a people who affirm that there was none worthy to be worshipped but Allah. They performed no other action except this affirmation.

As for the Mutakallimun, practitioners of deductive reasoning, they said that Sabians adopted various beliefs. Some believed that there had always been a Creator who always created fom the pre-eternal Hyle. Most Sabians believed that the universe was created from nothing, and referred to planets as angels whom they worshipped and built shrines for. They claimed that the Ka'bah was one of these shrines dedicated to planet Saturn. Others claimed that Allah should only be assigned attributes of negation, not attributes of affirmation, so they say, 'Allah was not created, not dead, not ignorant, and not disabled.' They said that this would prevent drawing similitude between Allah and His creation.

As for their acts of worship, they claimed that they were to pray three times a day. The first prayer consisted of eight units with tree prostrations in each unit. This prayer may be performed anytime before sunrise. The second and third prayers each consist of five units.
They also fast for one month, starting the eighth of March plus seven days starting the ninth of December, and another seven days starting the eighth of February. After fasting, they celebrate by giving charity and slaughtering animals.
To them, camel meat is forbidden. And they claim that righteous souls elevate to the stationary planets and to the light. As for evil souls, they descend into the earth and darkness. Some of them claimed that this world never seized to exist, and that reward and punishment took place through reincarnation. Iblis has deceived them into believing that perfection may be attained through connecting to the upper spiritual world. They did so by performing ablutions and following certain rules. Also, they occupied themselves with fortune telling and denied resurrection after death.

Allah also mentioned,

اِنَّ الَّذِیۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡا وَ الَّذِیۡنَ ہَادُوۡا وَ الصّٰبِـُٔوۡنَ وَ النَّصٰرٰی مَنۡ اٰمَنَ بِاللّٰہِ وَ الۡیَوۡمِ الۡاٰخِرِ وَ عَمِلَ صَالِحًا فَلَا خَوۡفٌ عَلَیۡہِمۡ وَ لَا ہُمۡ یَحۡزَنُوۡنَ

"Indeed, those who have believed [in Prophet Muhammad] and those [before Him] who were Jews or Sabeans or Christians - those [among them] who believed in Allah and the Last Day and did righteousness - no fear will there be concerning them, nor will they grieve." - [QS.5:69]

In this verse, as Mujahid stated, those who have believed, referring to
Muslims, those who are the Jews, who were entrusted with the Tawrah, and the Sabians, a sect from the Christians and Magians who did not
follow any particular religion. As for the Christians, they are known and were entrusted with the Injil. The meaning here is that if each of these groups believed in Allah and the Hereafter, which is the Day of Judgement and Reckoning, and performed good actions, which to be so, must conform to Muhammad's Law, after Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) was sent to all mankind and the Jinns. If any of these groups held these beliefs, then they shall have no fear of what will come or sadness regarding what they lost, nor will grief ever affect them.

In another verse, Allah says,

اِنَّ الَّذِیۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡا وَ الَّذِیۡنَ ہَادُوۡا وَ الصّٰبِئِیۡنَ وَ النَّصٰرٰی وَ الۡمَجُوۡسَ وَ الَّذِیۡنَ اَشۡرَکُوۡۤا ٭ۖ اِنَّ اللّٰہَ یَفۡصِلُ بَیۡنَہُمۡ یَوۡمَ الۡقِیٰمَۃِ ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰہَ عَلٰی کُلِّ شَیۡءٍ شَہِیۡدٌ

"Indeed, those who have believed and those who were Jews and the Sabians and the Christians and the Magians and those who associated with Allah - Allah will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection. Indeed Allah is, over all things, Witness." - [QS.22:17]

In this verse, Allah tells us about the followers of these various religions, the believers (Muslims) and others such as the Jews and Sabians. We have already discussed a definition of them and have noted how people differ over who they are. There are also the Christians, Majus and others who worship others alongside Allah. Allah will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection with justice; He will admit those who believed in Him to Paradise and will send those who disbelieved in Him to Hell, for He is a Witness over their deeds, and He knows all that they say and all that they do in secret, and conceal in their breast. And Allah knows best.

Continued to
[Following the Forefathers]

Bahasa

The Fire Worshipers

Eagle contonued, "The Devil has deceived some people into worshiping fire. He made them believe that fire was the essence of things, and that world could not be without it. Sun worship stemmed from this idea as well. Al-Tabari said, 'When Qabil killed Habil, he went to Yemen to run away fom their father. lblis came to him and told him, 'Fire ate Habil's sacrifce and was accepted by Allah because Habil used to serve the fire and worship it. You should erect a house in which fire is worshiped. He was the first to build such a house and the first to worship fire.'
Al-Jahiz said, 'Zaradusht also known as Zarathustra or Zoroaster, the first Zoroastrian, came fom Balkh claiming that he had received revelation while he was on mount Ceylon. He told those living in cold areas that they may be punished by increased cold weather. He claimed that he had only been sent to people living on mountains. He made it permissible for his followers to use their urine for performing ablution, to have relations with their mothers, to glorify fire, as well as other silly things.' He said, 'Allah was alone for a long time. He contemplated about His loneliness, so lblis was generated fom this contemplation. Allah then wanted to kill lblis but lblis defended himself. When Allah saw this, he decided to give him a chance for sometime.'

Fire-worshippers built many temples. The first to design such a temple was Afridon. He established a temple in Tus and another in Bukhara. Bahman built one in Sijjistan. Zaradusht plotted a scheme to make his followers believe that a fire had come fom heaven to eat something they had sacrifced. He put an animal that was to be sacrificed inside a house in which there was a large mirror. He surrounded the animal with firewood and poured sulfur on it, He made an opening in the wall so the sunray could come through, become reflected by the mirror towards the firewood. When the fire started, Zaradush ordered his fllowers not to turn it off.
Yahya Ibn Bishr al-Nahawandi said, 'The first Zoroastrian king was Komorth, then came many who claimed to be Prophets including Zaradusht, he was the most famous of them.
They claimed that the lord was a spiritual being who appeared suddenly, and with his appearance, purely spiritual beings appeared as well. When this happened, the lord thought to himself: No one else could have created these beings. From this thought, developed a darkness because it entailed the denial of others' abilities. So this darkness began to battle Him.
Zaradusht prescribed fire worship, as well as praying to the sun because it was the owner of the world, as they claimed, the bringer of day, the eliminator of night, the reviver of plants and animals,
and the generator of heat.

They never buried their deceased out of respect to Earth because all living things grew fom it. They also never used water for bathing out of respect to it, the livelihood of all things. They utilized cow urine and never spat in it.
They considered it forbidden to kill or slaughter animals, and they used to wash their faces with cow urine in order to gain blessings. In addition, they considered it permissible for a man to have relations with his mother on the basis that a son was most worthy of fulfiling his mother's sexual urges. And whenever a man died then his son took over his widow. They also allowed a man to marry one hundred or one thousand women. And when a women used to perform ablution afer her monthly period, she would go to the temple, pay one dinar to the fire servant who would take her and bathe her with his index finger.
Mazdak propagated this matter (lewd behavior) during the days of Qubath. He made it permissible for women to have relations with whomever they willed, and Mazdak had relations with Qubath's wives in order for the public to fllow his example. He also allowed people to eat the meat of dead animals. When Anusharwan came to power, he abolished Mazdakism.

Zoroastrians believes that Earth had no limit fom its bottom (the down direction), that the sky was built fom the devils' flesh, that thunder was the sound made by the devis trapped in the upper hemispheres. Scholars said that Zoroastrians used to have holy books, but that these books were lifted because of what they had introduced into their religion.
The most amusing of Iblis's deceptions of Zoroastrians was to convince them that a good doer could never do evil, so this let them to believe that there were two gods, one god was a wise light that only did good, and the other was a devil who was darkness and only did evil acts. Some of them believed The Creator to be ancient and only did good, and that the devil was recent, and only did evil acts.
Al-Nubakhti said that some Zoroastrians claimed that the Creator had a doubt in something, so the devil was generated out of this doubt. Others claimed that God and the devil were ancient (preeternal) beings with a large space between the two of them. And that the world was purely good until Iblis penetrated the sky along with his soldiers and that God ran away fom them with His angels and fought them for three thousand years. This was only one of many of their hallucinatons that we do not want to waste time narrating.
What is strange is that they affirmed The Creator to be purely good but claimed that He had a dreadful thought!  

Iblis deceived the Brahmans, Indians and others to deny prophecies and block their pathway to Allah. The Indians differed among themselves. Some of them were secular, others were dualists, others followed Brahmans and others only believed in the prophecy of Adam, and Ibrahim, alayhimussalam.
Abu Muhammad al-Nubakhti said in his book 'Opinions and Cult' that some Indian Brahmans affirmed the creator, messengers, heaven and hellfre. And they believed that their messenger was an angel who came to them in human form without a holy book. He had four hands and twelve heads: a human head, a lion's head, a horse's head, an elephant's head, a pig's head and so on. They say that he ordered them to glorify the fire and forbid them from committing murder and from eating from any animal that was not slaughtered in the name of the fire. He also forbid them fom lying and from drinking liquor. But he made it permissible for them to commit adultery, and ordered them to worship cows. Whoever left his religion and then came back to it, had his head, beard, eyebrows and eyelashes shaved, and was to bow to the cows.

lblis has deceived some Indian Brahmans to burn themselves as a form of getting closer to god. What they do is that they dig a trench, and people gather around it. Then the man who is about to burn himself arrives wearing a lot of perfume. They beat on their drums chanting "glad tidings to this soul that has been attached to paradise." He responds, "let this sacrifce be accepted and let my reward be paradise." Then he sits inside the burning trench. Afterwards, if he attempts to escape they shun him until he returns to the fire again.
Some of them worship water claiming that it is the source of life. They prostrate to water. And some of them jump into fire then into water. They continue to do so until they die. Some of them die fom self inflicted hunger and thirst. They first fall down out of weakness, then loose the ability to talk, then looses their senses, and die. Others wander off in the lands until they die, others drown themselves, and others have no relations with women, and cover only their private parts.
What is strange is that Indians were considered sources of wisdom. Glory to He who blinded their hearts to the point that Iblis became able to lead them this way.

Iblis also deceived some people into worshiping the moon, he caused others to worship the stars. Ibn Qutaybah said, 'During the period ofJahiliyyah, some people used to worship planet Sirus (Shi'ra). They were fascinated by it. The first to worship it in spite of Quraysh was Abu Kabshah. When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) called for worshipping Allah and the rejection of idols, they called him: the son of Abu Kabshah. Meaning that they both were similar in going against Quraysh. There are two stars of the name, one above (Canis Major), the other Canis Minor, which faces it; between the two is the Galaxy. Canis Minor belongs to the stretched out arm in the constellation of the Lion, whereas Canis Major is the Gemini.
Abu Muhammad Al-Nubakhti said that some people believed that celestial bodies were pre-eternal with no creator. Others claimed Saturn to be the only pre-eternal planet. They claimed that celestial bodies had no heat, coldness, brittleness nor softness, and that they were neither heavy nor light. Others claimed planets to be made from clouds that were lit during the night and turned off during the day. They claimed the moon to be made fom fire and air.
Some claimed that planets were made fom water, wind and fire, and that they were spheres that moved fom east to west and west to east. They said that Saturn completed a cycle around the sun in about thirty years, Jupiter in twelve years, Mars in two, and the sun, Venus and Mercury in one year. The moon completed its cycle in thirty days.
Some said that there were seven planets: the nearest to us was the moon, then Mercury, Venus, the Sun, Mars,Jupiter, and Saturn. The remaining planets were stationary.

Practitioners of Astronomy estimated the sizes of the planets as well. The largest was the sun, one hundred and sixty six time the size of Earth. Stationary planets were each ninety four time the size of Earth. Jupiter was eighty two times the size of Earth and Mars was one and a half times the size of Earth.
Some claimed that there was life on each of the planets. And that stars were living and active. Some stars did good and evil deeds according to their nature of fortune or misfortune, and they affected humans.

Iblis has deceived some to believe in soul reincarnation, and that the souls of good doers depart their bodies at the time of death to enter bodies of good people again. While the souls of evildors exit their bodies to re-enter evil bodies. This belief became prevalent during the time of the Pharaoh.
Abu'l-Qasim al-Balkhi stated that when some people saw children and animals go through pain or suffering, they would conclude that this pain of calamity must have been due to sins committed during previous lives.
Abu Bakr Ibn al-Pallas said, 'I once visited a man who used to be a Shi'ite, he then became a believer in reincarnation. He was rubbing and scratching between the eyes of a black cat. The cat had tears come down fom its eyes and the man petting it was crying heavily.' I asked him, 'Why are you crying?' He responded: 'This cat cries each time I rub it.' This is certainly my mother crying out of sorrow when she sees me. Then he began talking to her as if she understood what he was saying. The cat was making noises every now and then, so I asked him, 'Does the cat understand what you tell her?' He answered, 'Yes.' I replied, 'Do you understand what it is saying?' He said, 'No.' So I said, 'Then it is you who was reincarnated, and the cat is the human.'

Iblis deceived others into worshiping angels and claiming them to be Allah's daughters. Allah is Most Exalted. Others were deceived into worshiping horses and cows. Al-SamirI was fom a people who used to worship a calf. This was why he formed a calf. Commentators tell us that Pharaoh used to worship a buck.
Among all these was no one who exercised his intellect or made use of his reason to ponder over what he was doing. We ask Allah to save us in this world and the next.

Continued to
[The Sabians]

Bahasa

Al-Jahiliyyah

The eagle continued, "All forms of Iblis's deception are caused by rejecting intellect and relying solely on the senses. Through this, Iblis invited many people to worship images and made their intellects totally dysfnctional. He convinced some that idols were the gods themselves. Others - with some intellect- rejected this idea, so he deceived them to think that worshiping these idols only gets them nearer to the Creator. Allah says,

اَلَا لِلّٰہِ الدِّیۡنُ الۡخَالِصُ ؕ وَ الَّذِیۡنَ اتَّخَذُوۡا مِنۡ دُوۡنِہٖۤ اَوۡلِیَآءَ ۘ مَا نَعۡبُدُہُمۡ اِلَّا لِیُقَرِّبُوۡنَاۤ اِلَی اللّٰہِ زُلۡفٰی ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰہَ یَحۡکُمُ بَیۡنَہُمۡ فِیۡ مَا ہُمۡ فِیۡہِ یَخۡتَلِفُوۡنَ ۬ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰہَ لَا یَہۡدِیۡ مَنۡ ہُوَ کٰذِبٌ کَفَّارٌ

"Unquestionably, for Allah is the pure religion. And those who take protectors besides Him [say], "We only worship them that they may bring us nearer to Allah in position." Indeed, Allah will judge between them concerning that over which they differ. Indeed, Allah does not guide he who is a liar and [confirmed] disbeliever." - [QS.39:3]

Canary asked,"How Iblis's deception of idol worshipers began?" Eagle said, "Muhammad lbn al-Sa'ib al-Kalbi said, 'The way that idols were first worshiped when Adam, alayhissalam, died, the sons of Shith lbn Adam set his body inside a cave in mount "Buth" which was where Adam frst descended. It is the most fertile mountain on earth.' lbn 'Abbas, radhiyallahu 'anhu, said, 'The children of Shith used to visit Adam's body in the cave to glorify it and ask for Allah's mercy upon it. A man fom the children of Qabil said, 'O children of Qabil! The children of Shith have something which they glorify and revolve around, while you have nothing of the sort.' So Satan carved a statue for them to venerate. They were the first to commit this act.'

Muhammad lbn al-Sa'ib al-Kalbi said, ' Wadd, Suwa, Yaghuth, Ya'uq and Nasr, were righteous men. They all died within one month so their relative mourned them. One of the children of Qabil said, 'O people! I am able to make five statues to look just like the deceased, except that I will not be able to blow spirits into them. They agreed, so he sculpted five statues for them, and the relatives of each of the five persons used to glorify and revolve around the statue of their relative. The generation that came afer this one glorifed the statues even more. Then members of the third generation said, 'Our predecessors only glorifed these statues because they were hoping for them to intercede with Allah, so they worshiped them, and the matter became more serious and their kufr became worse. Allah, the Mighty and the Majestic, sent Prophet Idris, alayhissalam, to call them to His path, but they called him a liar, so Allah lifted him to a high place. Kufr became severer until Allah sent Nuh, alayhissalam, as a messenger at the age of four hundred and eighty years old. He invited them to Allah (the Mighty and the Majestic) for one hundred and twenty years, but they disobeyed him and called him a liar. Allah ordered him to make the Ark. He was six hundred years old when he got on it and many people drowned. Nuh stayed alive for three hundred and fifty years after that. The total number of years between Adam and Nuh was two thousand and two hundred years. The flood drifed the idols to the land of Juddah and when the water receded, the wind brought sand to cover the idols unti it covered it.'
Malik Ibn Harithah said that he saw the statue of Wadd. He said that his father used to send him with milk and tell him, "Give it to your lord to drink." He said, "I later saw Khalid lbn al-Walid smashing it to small pieces." Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) sent Khalid lbn al-Walid, radhiyallahu 'anhu, after the battle of Tabuk to destroy this idol, but the children of 'Abd Wadd and the children of 'Amir tried to prevent him from doing so. He fought and defeated them then brought down the statue and smashed it.

Al-Kalbi said, 'I asked Malik lbn Harithah to describe the statue of Wadd for me in detail as if I were looking at it. He said, "He was as large a man as could be. He had two robes engraved on him, one was on his top part of his body and the other on his lower part. He had a sword on his side, a bow on his shoulder and a spear with a banner attached to it. He also had a sack with his arrows in it.'
The tribe of Muqar lbn Nizar accepted the call of 'Amr lbn Luhay, so he give the statue Suwaa' to al-Harith lbn Tamim. He set it in the land of Ruhat, so the remaining members of Muqar worshiped the statue.The mean Wadd is love.
And the tribe of Mithhij also accepted the call of 'Amr, so he gave Yaghuth to An'am lbn 'Amr al-Muradi. He set it in Akamah, Yeman, to be worshiped by members of Muthhij and its allies. And the tribe of Hamdan also accepted the call of 'Amr, so he gave Ya'uq to Malik Ibn Marthad Ibn Jashm. He set it in a vilage by the name Jaywan, to be worshiped by members of Hamdan and its allies from Yeman. And the tribe of Himyar also accepted the call of 'Amr, so he gave Nasr to Ma'di Karib. He set it a place called Balkha' fom the land of Saba', to be worshiped by members of Himyar and its allies. They continued to worship it until Dhu'l-Nuwas made them Jews. All of these idols continued to be worshiped unti Allah sent the Prophet (ﷺ) and he (ﷺ) ordered them to be destroyed."

Canary asked, "Who is this 'Amr ibn Luhayy?" Eagle said, "Muhammad Al-Kalbi said, 'When Isma'il, alayhissalam, resided in Makkah, he was granted many offspring to the point that they filled Makkah and exiled the Giants fom it. They became so many that wars and conflicts happened among them. Some of them left Makkah in search for sustenance and used to take with them stones from Makkah out of love and respect, and as souvenirs. They used to circumbate around these stones just like they did the Ka'bah. At that point, they did not worship the stones, and continued to visit Makkah for Hajj and 'Umrah as was the heritage of their forefthers, Ibrahim and Isma'il. With time, they began worshiping those stones and came up with a religon other than that of Ibrahim and Isma'il.
They worshiped idols and referred to the ways of nations previous to them. They dug up the idols that the people of Nuh had worshipped, but continued to practice some teachings of Ibrahim and Isma'il such as respecting the Ka'bah, revolving around it, Hajj and 'Umrah, standing on 'Arafah, and Muzdalifah, sacrifcing cattle and reciting the declaration of intentions fr Hajj and 'Umrah. The first to change the religion of Isma'il and set up the statues was 'Amr Ibn Luhayy, the father of Khuza'ah. He was able to take control over the Ka'bah by force. One day, he became sick and was advised to visit a hot water funtain in Sham. He went there, bathed in it and became well. He noticed that the people of Sham worshiped idols. He inquired, "What are these?" They responded, "We use these statues to pray for rain and victory over the enemy." He asked that they give him a few idols, so they did. He brought them back to Makkah and set them around the Ka'bah. This was how Arabs began practicing idol worship. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The Hellfre was raised for me (to see it). In it, I saw 'Amr Ibn Lu}ayy, a short reddish man. He was dragging his intestines. I asked: 'who is this?' I was informed, 'This is 'Amr Ibn Luhayy, the first to establish (the system of Bahirah, Wasilah, Sa'ibah, and Ham.' He changed the religon of Isma'il and called Arabs to worship idols."  

The most ancient idol was Manat. It was erected on the Red Sea shore between Makkah and Madinah. Arabs used to glorify it, and the tribes of Al-Aws, Al-Khazraj and whoever used to settle in Madinah or Makkah and their surroundings used to glorify, sacrifce and give gifts to it. No tribes glorifed it more than Al-Aws and AlKhazraj. These two tribes used to perform all Hajj rituals just as other people did, except that they did not used to shave their heads until they reached Manat. Then they used to stay there for a while, believing that their Hajj would not be complete otherwise. Manat belonged to the tribes of Hudhayl and Khuza'ah. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) sent 'Ali, radhiyallahu 'anhu, to destroy it in the 8t year After Hijr of the conquest.
Arabs adopted al-Lat as a goddess as well. It was located in Ta'if and was more recent than Manat. It was a cubical rock and its servants were from the tribe of Thaqif. They established a house around it. Quraysh and all Arabs continued to glorify it until Thaqif embraced Islam. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) sent al-Mughirah lbn Shu'bah, radhiyallahu 'anhu, to destroy and burn it.

More recent to al-Lat was a goddess by the name al-'Uzza. lbn 'Abbas said, 'Al-'Uzza was a female devil who used to frequent three samurah tree in the vale of Nakhlah. After liberating Makkah, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) sent Khalid lbn al-Walid to it. When Khalid approached the trees, he fund a woman with untidy hair who had her hands on her shoulders. Behind her was her servant Dubayyah al-SulamI.' Khalid said (poetry), "You are worthy of rejection (kufr) not glorifcation, for I have witnessed that Allah has humiliated you." Then he struck her on her head, killed her servant and cut off the trees. When he informed the Prophet (ﷺ) of what had happened, he (ﷺ) said, 'That was al-'Uzza, there shall bu no other 'Uzza for Arabs.'
Quraysh also had idols inside the Ka'bah and around it. The greatest idol to them was Hubal. It was made fom red ruby in the form of a human with his left hand broken off. Quraysh later made a hand of gold to complement the broken hand. The first to erect it inside Ka'bah was Khuzaymah lbn Mudrikah lbn Ilyas lbn Muqar. In front of it were seven cups. Inside one of the cups was written "Truthful" and inside the other was written "(falsely) Assosiated". When they used to doubt the legitimacy of a child, they used to give Hubal a gift and draw between both cups. If the outcome wa "Truthful" they would associate him with the father, and if the outcome was "(falsely) Assocated" they would reject the child. They used to do something similar when approaching a major endeavour. During the battle of Uhud, Abu Sufyan said, "Be high Huba!', meaning: may your religion be high. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) responded: "Allah is higher and more revered."

Arabs also had two idols: Isaf and Na'ilah. Ibn 'Abbas said, 'lsaf was a man fom the tribe of Jurhum who was in love with a woman fom the same tribe, Na'ilah. They both came to perform Hajj and committed fornication near the Ka'bah. As a punishment from Allah, they were transformed into two rocks. Later they were set near the Ka'bah for them to be an example to others. Later people worshipped them along with the other idols around the Ka'bah.
Another one of those idols was Dhu'l-Kalasah. It was a large white rock with a crown like carving on it. It was located between Makkah and Yeman glorifed by the tribes of Khath'am and Bajilah. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) told Jarir, "Would you relieve me fom Dhu'l-Kalasah?" So he fought its worshippers, destroyed the house that was built around it and burnt it.
The tribe of Daws worshiped an idol named Dhu'l-Kaffayn. After they embraced Islam, Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) sent al-Tufayl Ibn 'Amr, radhiyallahu 'anhu, to burn it. BanI al-Harith Ibn Yashkur adopted an idol named Dhu'l-Shara, and other tribes had al-Aqyasir, Nuhm, Su'ayr and al-Fals.

Each household in Makkah had a idol for them to worship. When one of them began a journey, the last thing he would do was to wipe on the statue. And when he returned, the first thing he would do was to wipe on it. Those who did not own houses would erect a rock and circumbated around it. These types of idols were called al-Ansab.
When one of them used to rest on the travel paths, they used to take four stones, and make the best loking one their lord. The other three would be used to support his spot. When resuming the travel, he would leave all four rocks behind, and take four new rocks at the next rest spot.
When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) became victorious over Makkah, he used his bow to stab the idols surrounding the Ka'bah in their eyes and faces; saying,

وَقُلْ جَآءَ ٱلْحَقُّ وَزَهَقَ ٱلْبَٰطِلُ ۚ إِنَّ ٱلْبَٰطِلَ كَانَ زَهُوقًا

"And say, 'Truth has come, and falsehood has departed. Indeed is falsehood, [by nature], ever bound to depart.'" - [QS.17:81]

Then he ordered the idols to be pushed on their faces, then to be removed from the Masjid and burnt.

lblis deceived the people of Jahiliyyah with regards to their worship of idols. The worst form of his deception was for them to imitate their forefathers without contemplating proper proofs. lblis deceived others from Jahiliyyah days to become secular. They denied the Creator and resurrection. Others believed in the Creator, but denied messengers and resurrection, and others claimed angels to be Allah's daughters. Others were swayed to Judaism and Zoroastrianism, such as the tribe of Tamim.
Arabs had another misconception. They believed that if they tied a horse next to a dead person's grave until the horse died, then he would be resurrected riding the horse. Otherwise, he would be resurrected walking.
Most of these continued on polytheism, and only a few adhered to monotheism and rejected the idols; of these few were Quss and Zayd. The people of Jahilliyyah kept introducing innovations, in many
things, such as Al-Nasa', which was to make the sacred months unsacred for practical reasons, and vise versa. Since the days of lbrahim, alayhissalam, Arabs considered it a sin to wage war during the four sacred months. However, if they needed to wage war during that period, they used to declare it lawful to do so and to assign the month of Safar to be sacred that year in place of the month they had made unsacred.

They used to allow males to inherit, not females. And whenever one of them died, the nearest relative had the right to marry his wife. They also believed in al-Bahira, if a camel bore five times successively, the fifth time a female, they would slit its ear, and it was unlawful for the women to ride. Al-Saibah, a camel allowed to go free, being neither ridden nor milked. Al-Wasilah, a lamb, which bore seven times, and whether the seventh was male or female, they would say: 'it has joined (wasalat) its brother' and would not be slaughtered, and was to be used by men only to the exclusion of women; but when it died both men and women were allowed to drink fom its milk. Al-Ham, a male camel which had siren ten times; after which they would say. 'he has protected (hama) his loins,' and it would be let loose for their idols, and not employed in carrying.
They claimed that Allah ordered them to do all of this.

Iblis further persuaded them to kill their children, so that one of them would kill his daughter and feed his dog. And also he deceived the Arabs to believe that: had Allah wiled, we would not have taken partners. The meaning is: had He not approved of our shirk, He would have prevented us fom it. They attached themselves to Allah's Will and neglected His Commands. Allah's Will encompasses all creatures, and His Command does not encompass all that He wils. So no one is allowed to use Allah's will as an excuse once the order has been decreed.
Many indeed are the foolish doctrines which they invented. It would be waste of time to record, and does not require the trouble of refutation.

Look at how Satan has deceived these people. He took away their intellects and caused them to carve their gods with their own hands. Allah, the Mighty and the Majestic, condemned their idols in the best way,

اَلَہُمۡ اَرۡجُلٌ یَّمۡشُوۡنَ بِہَاۤ ۫ اَمۡ لَہُمۡ اَیۡدٍ یَّبۡطِشُوۡنَ بِہَاۤ ۫ اَمۡ لَہُمۡ اَعۡیُنٌ یُّبۡصِرُوۡنَ بِہَاۤ ۫ اَمۡ لَہُمۡ اٰذَانٌ یَّسۡمَعُوۡنَ بِہَا ؕ قُلِ ادۡعُوۡا شُرَکَآءَکُمۡ ثُمَّ کِیۡدُوۡنِ فَلَا تُنۡظِرُوۡنِ

"Do they have feet by which they walk? Or do they have hands by which they strike? Or do they have eyes by which they see? Or do they have ears by which they hear? Say, [O Muhammad], "Call your 'partners' and then conspire against me and give me no respite." - [QS.7:195]

It is, as if Allah is pointing to humans saying, you all walk, hold things, see and hear. However, idols are unable to do so. They are inanimate objects. So how could the superior human in animal form, worship the inferior inanimate object?
If they only had contemplated well they would have realised that Allah created, and He was not created, He composed but was not composed, and everything was reliant on Him and He relied on nobody. A person must worship that which created him, not that which he created. Their assumption that idols have the ability to intercede with Allah was nothing but a mirage that is baseless. And Allah knows best.  And Allah knows best.

Continued to
[The Fire Worshipers] 

Bahasa

Talbis and Ghurur

Canary, with her sweet voice, sang,

Lily was a little girl
Afraid of the big, wide world
She grew up within her castle walls
Now and then she tried to run
And then on the night with the setting sun
She went in the woods away
So afraid, all alone
They warned her, "Don't go there!
There's creatures who are hiding in the dark"
Then something came creeping
It told her, "Don't you worry!
Just follow everywhere I go!
Top over the mountains or valley low
Give you everything you've been dreaming of
Just let me in, ooh
Everything you wantin' gonna be the magic story you've been told
And you'll be safe under my control
Just let me in, ooh!" *)

Then she said, "O eagle, please continue!" The eagle said, "O my brothers and sisters, know that the heart is like a fenced fortress attended by angels. The fence has doors and cracks. The mind resides inside the fortress. Next to the fortress, there is a barn in which there are lusts, and devils attend the barn. There is a war between the residents of the fortress and those of the barn. Devils patrol the fortress hoping for the guard to become lax, or to enter through the cracks. So the guard must know all the fortress doors to which he was assigned, and all cracks as well. He must not lower his guard for even a moment, for the enemy is never lax.
lblis influences people as much as possible. His influence depends on how alert, negligent, ignorant and knowledgeable they are. Deception (talbis) is to present falsehood in the image of the truth.
And misleading (ghuruur) is a form of ignorance that causes you to believe falsehood to be the truth, and bad to be good. It is caused by the presence of doubtful matters.
A man asked al-Hasan, "Does Iblis ever sleep?' He answered, 'If he did, then we would find some rest.'

The fortress is lit with remembrance of Allah and faith (iman). In it, there is a shiny mirror that reflects the images of everything passing by. The least that the devils do is to generate smoke to blacken the fortress walls and rust the mirror. But the winds of remembrance of Allah repel smoke, and the polisher of remembrance of Allah removes the rust off the mirror.
The enemy conducts campaigns against the fortress. Sometimes, he attempts to enter the fortress but the guard attacks him, forcing him to retreat. Other times, he enters the fortress to cause mischief, or stays around because the guard is negligent. Sometimes the wind that repels the smoke calms down and the walls blacken and the mirror becomes rusty. So, the devil passes by unnoticed. Sometimes the guard leaves his position out of negligence and is captured by the enemy.
One of the Salaf said, "I met the devil, so he told me, 'I used to meet people to teach them (evil), but now I meet people to learn fom them." The devil might attack an alert person by bringing with him the bride of desire. The alert person becomes occupied with looking at her and falls captive. The strongest chain with which captives are chained is that of ignorance. The chain of medium strength is that of lust. And the weakest is that of negligence. And as long as the believer is wearing the shield of iman, then the arrows of the enemies will never strike his deadly spots.
Al-Hasan ibn Salih said, 'The devil opens ninety nine doors of goodness in font of a believer in order to be able to open a single door of evil.'"
Al-A'mash said, "A man who used to interact with Jinn told me, 'Nobdy is tougher on us than a follower of the Sunnah. As for those who follow their lusts, we play with them easily.'"

Iblis has deceived many people to believe that there is no god or creator, and that all things came to existence without a maker. They are called al-Dhariyyah or the Secularists. These people denied Allah's existence because they filed to sense Him with their senses, and failed to use their intellect to recognise Him. Could any person with a sound mind doubt the existence of a maker? If a person passes by a piece of land with no buildings, then returned to find a wall built there, he would realise that there must have been a builder who built the wall.
This wide expanse earth, this raised ceiling (the sky), these amazing buildings and these running laws that imply wisdom, do not they prove the existence of a creator?! A desert-Arab once said, "Truly the camel extract points to the existence of a camel, so an upper structure that is this pleasant, and a lower center that is this dense; do not they point to al-Lateef (the One Who is above All Comprehension), al-Khabeer (the One Most Acquainted will Things). In fact, if a person only contemplates over himself, that would be enough of a proof. The human by contains wisdoms that may not be compiled in a book."

He who ponders on the sharpness of teeth to enable it to chop food, the flatness of molars to grind food, the tongue that rotates what is being chewed, the liver that ripens food, how nutrition flows to each part of the body as needed, these fingers that have knuckles so they can bend and open to perform work; they never become hollow from work, otherwise they would break, how some fingers are longer than others so they all become the same length when bent, and how the most hidden of the body is that which holds it together, the soul, once it goes the body become corrupt, and intellect that leads to welfare community, whoever ponders on all of these things must surely call, 'Can there be any doubt about Allah?'
He who denies Allah is confused because he sought Him through the senses. Others denied Allah because they were unable to sense Him after he had proven His existence in principle. So he went back and denied the principle itself. Had these persons used their intellects, they would have realised that there are things that can only be determined in principle, such as: the soul and intellect, the existence of which was denied by nobody. What else is the objective other than proving Allah's existence in principle? And how can anyone ask, 'How is He? or what is He? When He has no "howness" or "whatness".
Among the clear proofs of His existence is that the world is accidental became afer it was not because it is never free from accidents. Anything that is never free fom accidents is, itself, accidental. There must be a causer for these accidents, and the causer is the Creator, the Mighty and the Majestic.

Another devil's deception is devil's deception on Diverse Philosophies. Abu Mulammad al-NibakhtI said, "A group of ignorant people claimed that things do not have only a single reality to them. Instead, things have multiple realities according to the people's perspective. For example, honey is sweet to most people, but bitter to those suffering fom disease. Similarly, they say, this world is ancient has always existed to those who believe it is ancient, and accidental to others who believe it is accidental. Colors are bodies (physical creatures) to those who believe they are bodies and, qualities (only attributes) to those who believe they are qualities."
Our response, 'Is what you say true?' They will surely answer, 'It is true to us, false to those who disagree with us.' We respond, 'Your claim that your opinion is true i not true in itself' And your confession that your opinion is false to your opponents is proof against you. And whoever confirms that his opinion is false to his opponents, then he has saved his opponents the effort of proving the falsehood of his opinion.

lblis was able to deceive Philosophers by making them have opinions and intellects that are independent of the teachings of Prophets. They spoke based on assumptions. Some of them adopted the opinions of secularists: that the world has no maker. This was attributed to them by al-Nubakhti.
In Ancient Greek era, the Philosophers or al-falasafah, attempted to conceal their belief by advocating that Allah is the creator of the world. They only say so in the metaphoric sense not in reality. An actor must have the will to act, but to them, the universe existed by defult, not that Allah had done actively made it. They also believe that the world will always exist, just as it has always existed. Their justifcation of this belief is that the existence of the world was due to a pre-eternal cause. So, it will continue to be associated with its cause. Had the existence of the world been only possible, not obligatory, then it could not have been pre-eternal or associated with a cause.

Philosophers who denied the existence of a Creator had tree different opinions, some claimed that afer the Creator perfected this world, He liked it, and feared that if He added or deleted anything to it that it may become corrupt. So, He destroyed Himself, and the world became vacant of Him, although His creation continued to operate as He had planned for it.
The second group claimed that the universe appeared within the Creator and continued to take fom His strength and light until all of the strength and light was transferred to the universe. The Creator depreciated until He became the size of a cat! They claimed that one day, the Creator would regain His light fom this world until He becomes as He once was. And that due to His weakness he neglected humans, so oppressions became prevalent.
The third group said that after the Creator perfected the world, He disseminated Himself in it, so every form of power present in the world resulted fom this dissemination.

Most Philosophers believed that Allah, the Mighty and the Majestic, knew nothing except fir knowing himself. It has been proven that a creature knows himself as well as his Creator. So they made the creature of a higher status than the Creator, a concept which is too disgracefl to be discussed. Look at lblis's deception of these idiots who claim to have perfect minds.
Philosophers denied resurrection and the return of souls to bodies. They also believed that heaven and hell were not physical places, and that they were only mentioned in the Qur'an and Sunnah as metaphors given to the normal folk to understand spiritual reward and punishment. In addition, they claimed that the soul remains eternally after death, either enjoying indescribable bliss for perfect souls, or suffering fom indescribable anguish for polluted souls. The amount of pain varies fom one soul to another. Some souls might have some or all of their pain eliminated.

lblis has deceived groups of Muslims by creeping to them through their high intelligence! He made them think that the right thing is to follow Philosophers because they claimed to be wise men who had sayings and actions that demonstrated high intelligence.
Some early Muslims were told that those Philosophers denied the Creator and rejected religions and claimed that they were only metaphors and tricks. So those Muslims believed them, so they, in turn, rejected religion, neglected prayers, indulged in prohibitions, and disregarded the limitations set by the religion. Jews and Christians have more of an excuse because they are holding to religions that were proven by miracles. Innovators in religion also have a better excuse because they call for contemplating proofs. Those followers of Philosophers on the other hand, have no backing for their disbelief, except that they thought Philosophers to be wise. Have they not known that Prophets were wiser also?!
Some Muslims extended their hands to hold on to philosophy and others to monasticism. Some folish persons when contemplating matters of creed tended towards philosophizing. Others when contemplating matters of asceticism tended towards monasticism. We ask Allah's steadfastness on our faith, and security fom our enemy.

Many people claim that for each spiritual entity fom the heavenly world, there is a horoscope, which is a celestial by that connects to the spiritual entity in the same way that our souls connect to our bodies and control them. Some celestial bodies are moving others are still.
They say that the bodies try their best to come near the spiritual entity by performing al kinds of worship and sacrifce. Others claim that for each horoscope there is a person fom the under world that resembles it. This group painted images and sculpted idols and built houses for these idols.
Yahya lbn Bishr al-Nahawandi said that some sects claimed that the seven planets: Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, the Sun, Venus, Mercury and the moon were the controllers of this world acting upon orders from the heavenly public. They envisioned an animal image for each planet and made a statue for it. They manufctured a huge idol for Saturn constructed from lead.
They made Saturn as a blind man accepting a sacrifce of an old bull that was brought to him to a house with a pit underneath it. Above the pit, there was an iron rail. The bull was beaten until it entered the house and walked on the rail. His legs sank into the iron rail. Underneath the rail, a fire was lit unti the bull was fully burnt. Those submitting the sacrifce said, "Glorifed you 0 blind god, who is evil natured and never does any good. We have sacrifced to you that which resembles you, so accept our sacrifce, and prevent us your evil and wicked spirits."
As for Jupiter, they sacrificed a baby boy.For Mars, they sacrifced a blond man with feckles. Then they sacrificed to the sun the mother of the child who they had sacrificed to Jupiter while circumventing the sun's image. And they sacrificed for Venice an old lewd woman. As for Mercury, they sacrifced a dark youth who knew literature and mathematics, and was well mannered. To the moon they sacrifced a black man with a large face.  And Allah knows best.

Continued to
[Al-Jahiliyyah]
*) Credit to Alan Olav Walker / Didrik Handlykken / Emelie Hollow / Kenneth Nilsen / Lars Kristian Rosness / Magnus Bertelsen / Oda Evjen Gjovag

Bahasa

The Firqa

Canary said, "O my brothers and sisters, we have heard about the hypocrites delivered by the chameleon. We know that hypocrisy is a disease, and I want to know, are there still other diseases suffer this ummah? Or are there heretical sects undermine this ummah? Are there any among you who want to share about these?"
The birds silenced, but a few moments later, the eagle, one of the elders of Kampong Bayan, came forward. After saying salaam, he said, "All praise is due to Allah, the One who set the scale of justice in the hands of those who contemplate, and sent Messengers with glad tidings of good reward, and warnings of punishment. He revealed to them, Books, to clarify error and correctness. And He made Shari'ahs perfect, with no defciency or fault.
I praise Him, the praise of someone who knows that it is He who initiates the causes, and I bear witness of His Oneness, a testimony that is sincere and free of doubt, and I bear witness that Muhammad (ﷺ) is His servant and messenger. He sent him after kufr had veiled the face of iman. So he (ﷺ), by the will of Allah, eliminated the darkness with the light of truth, and removed the veil, and directed people to that which was revealed to them, and clarifed the ambiguities of the Book, leaving them on a white platform in which there are no cracks or delusions. So may Allah's Blessings be upon him (ﷺ), his entire Family and all the Companions, and may His Blessings be upon their righteous followers until the Day of Gathering and accountability.

As for what follows,
Truly, the greatest blessing to humankind is the intellect, because it is the sole instrument by which Allah, the Most Glorious, is known, and the only way by which belief in the Prophets is realized. However since the intellect can’t take responsibility for everything humankind requires, messengers were sent and divine books were revealed. That is, the divine law is like the sun and the intellect like the eye which sees the sun, if the eye is open and healthy. When the true message of the prophets is accepted by the intellect after exposure to miraculous proofs, it submits to the prophets and depends on them for understanding the hidden and unseen world.
As Allah, the Mighty and the Majestic, had blessed mankind with havingintellect, He made their father, Adam, 'alayhissalam, a Prophet. He taught Allah's Revelation in order for mankind to be guided upon the straight path; until Qabil decided to fllow his desires and killed his brother. Then peoples' desires branched out, causing them to scatter in the deserts of falsehood; to the pint of worshiping idols. They deviated over issues of creed, action and disagreed with their Messengers, hence their own intellect. They followed their desires, swayed towards their habits and mimicked their elders. Iblees's expectation of them came true, so they followed him, except a group of believers.

Know O brothers and sisters, that Messengers brought suffcient clarifcations, confonted disease with healing medicine, and agreed over a consistent doctrine. So, the devil Iblees came forth, mixing the clarifcation with doubt and medicine with poison and the clear path with areas of falsehood and doubt. He continued to meddle with people's minds until he disintegrated them with igorance, leading them towards many folish paths and hideous innovations. So they worshiped idols in the Sacred House, and theymade forbidden to them bahirah, sa'ibah, wasilah and ham. Allah said,

مَا جَعَلَ اللّٰہُ مِنۡۢ بَحِیۡرَۃٍ وَّ لَا سَآئِبَۃٍ وَّ لَا وَصِیۡلَۃٍ وَّ لَا حَامٍ ۙ وَّ لٰکِنَّ الَّذِیۡنَ کَفَرُوۡا یَفۡتَرُوۡنَ عَلَی اللّٰہِ الۡکَذِبَ ؕ وَ اَکۡثَرُہُمۡ لَا یَعۡقِلُوۡنَ

"Allah has not appointed [such innovations as] bahirah or sa'ibah or wasilah or ham. But those who disbelieve invent falsehood about Allah, and most of them do not reason." - [QS.5:103]

They adopted burying their daughters alive, and deprived them fom their share on inheritance. In addition, they innovated many forms of falsehood of which Iblis had convinced them.
Then, Allah, the Mighty and the Majestic, sent the Prophet (ﷺ) to remove al things that are appalling, and to decree all things advantageous. His Companions walked with him and after (his death) they walked though the illumination of his light, free fom their enemy (Iblees) and his deception.
However, when the light of the Messengers' presence vanished after their departure, the haze of darkness arrived, and desires returned to generate innovations and to make narrow a path that had always been wide. So, the majority disputed over matters of religion and became different sects, and Iblees became active. He deceived and camouflaged, and he gathered and divided. He was only able to do so while creeping during the night of ignorance. Had the dawn of knowledge shone on him, he would have been exposed."

Canary asked, "You have praised the Sunnah and condemned bid'ah, so what are the definitions of Sunnah and bid'ah?" Eagle said, "According to Ibn Al-Jawzi, the linguistic meaning of Sunnah is 'the path'. No doubt that those who specialise in compiling narrations of the Prophet (ﷺ) and the righteous predecessors and following the traditions of Allah's Messenger and his Companions are the people of Sunnah (Ahlu'l-Sunnah). This is because they adhere to the doctrine that was free fom things newly invented, and innovations were only introduced after (the death) of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and his Companions.
Bid'ah, on the other hand, is defned as a practice that was not originally there, but later innovated (i.e. has no orign in Shari'ah). Bid'ah mostly contradicts Shari'ah because they imply that it is deficient and is in need of addition or subtraction. If something was innovated without contradicting Shari'ah, and did not imply its deficiency, then still most of the righteous predecessors (Salaf) disliked it. They used to turn away from ever innovaton even if it was demed permissble. This is to ensure compliance with the rule of adherence to the Sunnah and not to innovated maters. The Salaf, used to avoid all bid'ah, even if they were not harmful in order to avoid innovating that which was not fom the Sunnah. However, the Salaf did not see harm in practicing some innovations that did not contradict Shari'ah, and did not imply its deficiency.
On the authority of Anas Ibn Malik, radhiyallahu 'anhu, that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "The Children of Israil split to seventy one sects, of which seventy were destroyed (because of their deviance) and one was saved. My naton will split into seventy two sects, of which seventy one will be destroyed, and one will be saved." They asked, 'O Messenger of Allah! Which sect wl that be?' He (ﷺ) replied, "Aljama'ah."

Canary asked, "Are these sects known?" Eagle said, "We do not know the names of all of these sects and their doctrines, but we know that some of the roots of these sects are al-Haruureeyyah; al-Qadareeyyah; al-Jahmeeyyah; al-Murjee'ah; al-Raafidah; adn al-Jabreeyyah. Some scholars said that the root of all deviant sects are these six sects. Each sect split into twelve sects. The total is seventy two sects. 

Al-Haruureeyyah split into twelve sects. Al-Azraqiyyah claimed that no one (other than their followers) was a believer, and they declared all followers of Islam to be non-believers. Al-lbaadiyyah claimed that whoever adopted their beliefs is a believer, and whoever did not was a hypocrite. Al-Tha'labiyyah claimed that Allah, the Mighty and the Majestic, did not decree. Al-Hazimiyyah claimed that they did not understand belief (iman), and all humans were excused for not believing. Al-Khalafiyyah claimed that whoever did not practce jihad, whether male o female, is a non-believer. Al-Kuziyyah claimed that no one was to touch anyone else because there was no way to know a pure person (taahir) fom a non-pure person (najis). He was not to eat with him until he performed ablution (ghusl) and repents.
Al-Kinziyyah claimed that no one was to donate money to any one else, because there was no way to ensure that he was deserving of it. Instead, he was to save the money underground until the people of truth appeared. Al-Shimrakiyyah said that it was permissible to touch foreign women because they were flowers!
Al-Akhnasiyyah claimed that a deceased person is not followed (held responsible) by good or evil. Al-Hakamiyyah claimed that whoever sought the judgment of another human was a non-believer. Al-Mu'tazila were a sect of al-Haruuriiyah. They became confused regarding the ordeal of 'Ali and Mu'awiyah, so they declared themselves to be innocent fom both parties. Al-Maymuniyyah claimed that a leader was not to be appointed without the approval of those whom they loved.

As for al-Qadareeyah, they split into twelve sects as well. Al-Ahmadiyyah claimed that it was a condition of Allah's Justice to give His servants full control over their affairs, and that He prevents them fom falling into sin. Al-Thanawiyyah claimed that good was from Allah, and evil was from lblis. Al-Mu'tazilah claimed the creationism of Qur'an, and denied seeing Alah (in the Hereafter). Al-Kaysaniyyah claimed that they were not certain whether actions (performed by humans) were performed by Allah or by humans, and that they did not know whether humans would be rewarded or punished. Al-Shaytaniyyah claimed that Allah did not create the devil. Al-Shirikiyyah claimed that all sins were predestined except disbelief (kufr). Al-Wahmiyyah claimed that human actions and speech had no essence, and that good and bad deeds had no essence.
Al-Rawandiyyah claimed that it was permissible to act upon any of the books revealed fom Allah, whether these books were abrogated or not. Al-Minbariyyah claimed that whoever committed a sin then repented, that his repentance would not be accepted. Al-Nakithiyyah claimed that whoever broke Allah's covenant was not a sinner. Al-Qasitiyyah preferred going after this world (increasing in wealth) over asceticism. Al-Nazamiyyah followed Ibrahim lbn al-Nazam in claiming that whoever says that Allah was a thing then he is a disbeliever (Kaafir).

Al-Jahmeeyyah also split into twelve sects. Al-Mu'attilah claimed that anything on which human attributes may apply was a creature, and whover claimed that Allah could be seen was a disbeliever (kaafir). Al-Mirrisiyah claimed that most of Alah's attributes were created. Al-Multaziqah claimed that the Creator (the Mighty and the Majestic) was everywhere. Al-Waridiyyah claimed that whoever knew his Rabb, he would never enter the Hellfre. And that whoever entered the Hellfre would never leave it. Al-Zanadiqah claimed that no one could confirm a god, because such confirmation may not take place except through the five senses, and that which may not be sensed is not a god, and that which may not be sensed may not be confirmed. Al-Harqiyyah claimed that a disbeliever wil be (fuly) burnt by the Hellfre once then continue to be burnt through eternity without feeling the heat of the Hellfre. Al-Makhluqiyyah claimed that the Qur'an was a creature. Al_Faniyyah claimed that Paradise and the Hellfre would (eventually) vanish. Some of them claimed that both of them were not created yet. Al-Irriyyah denied prophecy, and claimed that Prophets were only wise men. Al- Waqifiyyah claimed that the Qur'an could not be confrmed whether to be a creature or not. Al-Qabriyyah denied the turmoil of the grave ('adhab al-qabr and denied intercession (shafaa'ah). Al-Lafziyyah said that pronunciation of the Qur'an was created.

Al-Murji'ah split into twelve sects. Al-Tarikiyyah claimed that the only obligation that Allah has imposed on His creatures was to believe in Him. So whoever believed in Him may behave in whatever way he pleased. Al-Sa'ibiyyah claimed that Allah, the Mighty and the Majestic, has left His creation to act as they pleased. Al-Rajiyyah claimed that we must not describe a person as an obeyer or a disobeyer because we could never tell his true status (as Allah knows it). Al-Shakiyyah claimed that performing acts of obedience was not a part of belief (iman). Al-Bayhasiyyah claimed that belief (iman) was nothing more than knowledge, and whover did not know truth fom falsehood; and that which was permissible (halal) fom that which was not permissible (haram) was a non-believer (kaafir). Al-Amaliyyah claimed that belief (iman) was action. Al-Manqusiyyah claimed that iman neither increased nor decreased. Al-Mustathniyyah denied the permissibility of saying "I am a believer, Inshaallah"."
Al-Mushabbihah claimed that Allah's Sight was just like our sight, and that His hand was just like our hand. Al-Hashawiyyah claimed that every individual act of worship was iman i its entirety. To them, one who did not perform voluntary acts was just as the one who did not perform obligatory acts. Al-Zahiriyyah denied qiyaas (analogcal deduction). Al-Bid'iyyah were the frst to innovate things in Islam.

Al-Raafidah split into twelve sects. Al-'Alawiyyah claimed that the message (of Islam) was supposed to be delivered to 'Ali (radhiyaallahu 'anhu), and that [Angel] Jibril ('alayhissalam) erred in deliverng the message to Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ). Al-Amriyyah claimed that 'Ali (radhiyaallahu 'anhu) was a partner of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) in his affair (of prophecy) . Al-Shi'iyyah claimed that 'Ali (radhiyaallahu 'anhu) was the viceroy of Allah's Messenger, and that the (Muslim) nation became disbelievers because they pledged allegiance to someone other than 'Ali. Al-Ishaqiyyah claimed that prophecy would continue until the Judgment Day. Everyone who acquired the knowledge of the Prophet's Family (Ahlu'l-Bayt) was a Prophet. Al-Nawusiyyah claimed that 'Ali (radhiyaallahu 'anhu) was the best person in the nation, and if someone preferred anyone else over 'Ali (radhiyaallahu 'anhu) then he was a disbeliever. Al-lmamiyyah claimed that the world would always have an Imam (followed leader) from the offspring of al-Husayn (radhiyallahu 'anhu). And that Jibril ('alayhissalam) would teach the Imam until his death. Afterwards a new Imam would take his place. Al-Zaydiyyah claimed that the male offspring of al-Husayn (radhiyallahu 'anhu) would all be leaders in prayer (Imams). If one of them was present, then it would not permissible to pray behind anyone else, whether he was righteous or not. Al-Abbasiyyah claimed that al-'Abbas (radhiyallahu 'anhu) was most worthy of becoming the Khalifh. Al-Mutanasikhah believed in reincarnation of spirits. The spirit of a righteous person would exit his body (upon death) and enters a body in which it enjoys life. And the spirit of an unrighteous person enters a body in which it suffers. Al-La'inah curse 'Uthman, Talhah, al-Zubayr, Mu'awiyah, Abi Musa, 'A'ishah, and others, radhiyallahu 'anhum. Al-Mutarabbisah wore the clothing of Sufis and appointed a leader in every time period claiming that he was the Mahdi of this nation. When he would die, they appoint another leader.

Al-Jabriyyah split into twelve sects. Al-Mudtariyyah claimed that a human does nothing, and that it is Allah who does everything. Al-Af'aliyyah claimed that human actions were not controlled by humans and instead, we are driven to do things just like cattle are driven by the rope with which they are tied. Al-Mafrighiyyah claimed that all things have been created and that nothing was being created. Al-Najjariyyah claimed that Allah punishes humans for that which He did; not for what they did. Al-Mannaniyyah said focus on what crosses your mind and act upon what you feel is most appropriate fom it. Al-Kasliyyah claimed that servants did not gain reward or punishment. Al-Sabiqiyyah claimed that whoever wanted to do somethng then let him do it, and whoever wants to abstain fom something than let him not do it. A fortunate person will not be harmed by his sins, and an unfortunate person will not benefit fom his righteous deeds. Al-Hibbiyyah said whoever drinks fom the glass of Allah's Love, then all forms of obligatory worship are dropped off him. Al-Khawfiyyah said whoever loves Allah then he is not to fear Him, because a lover must not fear his loved one. Al-Fikriyyah claimed that whoever increases in knowledge a certain amount then the same amount of rituals are dropped off him. Al-Hisbiyyah claimed that humans were all equal in all things. They each inherited the same thing fom their father, Adam. Al-Ma'iyyah claimed that humans acted, and had control over their actions.

Know O my brothers and sisters, that desires and urges were built into humans in order for them to seek benefcial things. Anger was instilled in them so they would use it to repel harm. And a human's intellect tames him and orders him to be fair in that which he seeks and avoids.
The devil entices the human to be excessive in general. So a wise person must be cautious of this enemy who has declared his animosity since the time of Adam, alayhissalam, and has dedicated his life to the corruption of the Adam's children. Allah, the Mighty and the Majestic, has cautioned fom the devil. He said,

یٰۤاَیُّہَا النَّاسُ کُلُوۡا مِمَّا فِی الۡاَرۡضِ حَلٰلًا طَیِّبًا ۫ۖ وَّ لَا تَتَّبِعُوۡا خُطُوٰتِ الشَّیۡطٰنِ ؕ اِنَّہٗ لَکُمۡ عَدُوٌّ مُّبِیۡنٌ

"O mankind, eat from whatever is on earth [that is] lawful and good and do not follow the footsteps of Satan. Indeed, he is to you a clear enemy." - [QS.2:168]

اِنَّمَا یَاۡمُرُکُمۡ بِالسُّوۡٓءِ وَ الۡفَحۡشَآءِ وَ اَنۡ تَقُوۡلُوۡا عَلَی اللّٰہِ مَا لَا تَعۡلَمُوۡنَ

"He only orders you to evil and immorality and to say about Allah what you do not know." - [QS.2:169]

Continued to:
[Talbis and Ghurur]

Bahasa

Hypocrisy (6)

"Instead of showing love to Muslims, a hypocrite befriends the kuffar." Chameleon continued. Then he said, "Allah says,

اِنَّ الَّذِیۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡا ثُمَّ کَفَرُوۡا ثُمَّ اٰمَنُوۡا ثُمَّ کَفَرُوۡا ثُمَّ ازۡدَادُوۡا کُفۡرًا لَّمۡ یَکُنِ اللّٰہُ لِیَغۡفِرَ لَہُمۡ وَ لَا لِیَہۡدِیَہُمۡ سَبِیۡلً

"Indeed, those who have believed then disbelieved, then believed, then disbelieved, and then increased in disbelief - never will Allah forgive them, nor will He guide them to a way." ― (QS. 4:137)

بَشِّرِ الۡمُنٰفِقِیۡنَ بِاَنَّ لَہُمۡ عَذَابًا اَلِیۡمَۨا

"Give tidings to the hypocrites that there is for them a painful punishment." ― (QS. 4:138)

Allah also says,

یٰۤاَیُّہَا الَّذِیۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡا لَا تَتَّخِذُوۡا بِطَانَۃً مِّنۡ دُوۡنِکُمۡ لَا یَاۡلُوۡنَکُمۡ خَبَالًا ؕ وَدُّوۡا مَا عَنِتُّمۡ ۚ قَدۡ بَدَتِ الۡبَغۡضَآءُ مِنۡ اَفۡوَاہِہِمۡ ۚۖ وَ مَا تُخۡفِیۡ صُدُوۡرُہُمۡ اَکۡبَرُ ؕ قَدۡ بَیَّنَّا لَکُمُ الۡاٰیٰتِ اِنۡ کُنۡتُمۡ تَعۡقِلُوۡنَ

"O you who have believed, do not take as intimates those other than yourselves, for they will not spare you [any] ruin. They wish you would have hardship. Hatred has already appeared from their mouths, and what their breasts conceal is greater. We have certainly made clear to you the signs, if you will use reason." ― (QS. 3:118)

ہٰۤاَنۡتُمۡ اُولَآءِ تُحِبُّوۡنَہُمۡ وَ لَا یُحِبُّوۡنَکُمۡ وَ تُؤۡمِنُوۡنَ بِالۡکِتٰبِ کُلِّہٖ ۚ وَ اِذَا لَقُوۡکُمۡ قَالُوۡۤا اٰمَنَّا ۚ٭ۖ وَ اِذَا خَلَوۡا عَضُّوۡا عَلَیۡکُمُ الۡاَنَامِلَ مِنَ الۡغَیۡظِ ؕ قُلۡ مُوۡتُوۡا بِغَیۡظِکُمۡ ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰہَ عَلِیۡمٌۢ بِذَاتِ الصُّدُوۡرِ

"Here you are loving them but they are not loving you, while you believe in the Scripture - all of it. And when they meet you, they say, 'We believe.' But when they are alone, they bite their fingertips at you in rage. Say, 'Die in your rage. Indeed, Allah is Knowing of that within the breasts.'" ― (QS. 3:119)

These verses show how the hypocrite behaves. He inclines towards the kuffar. But, only a Muslim looks at Islam and faith which ensure success both in this world and the hereafter instead of merely temporal profit which is what the western way of life advocates.
Muslims are brothers one of the other. They are like a body, and they love each other, and they live according to the Islamic culture. Allah says,

وَ الۡمُؤۡمِنُوۡنَ وَ الۡمُؤۡمِنٰتُ بَعۡضُہُمۡ اَوۡلِیَآءُ بَعۡضٍ ۘ یَاۡمُرُوۡنَ بِالۡمَعۡرُوۡفِ وَ یَنۡہَوۡنَ عَنِ الۡمُنۡکَرِ وَ یُقِیۡمُوۡنَ الصَّلٰوۃَ وَ یُؤۡتُوۡنَ الزَّکٰوۃَ وَ یُطِیۡعُوۡنَ اللّٰہَ وَ رَسُوۡلَہٗ ؕ اُولٰٓئِکَ سَیَرۡحَمُہُمُ اللّٰہُ ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰہَ عَزِیۡزٌ حَکِیۡمٌ

"The believing men and believing women are allies of one another. They enjoin what is right and forbid what is wrong and establish prayer and give zakah and obey Allah and His Messenger. Those - Allah will have mercy upon them. Indeed, Allah is Exalted in Might and Wise." ― (QS. 9:71)

Narrated An-Nu`man bin Bashir that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said,

تَرَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فِي تَرَاحُمِهِمْ وَتَوَادِّهِمْ وَتَعَاطُفِهِمْ كَمَثَلِ الْجَسَدِ إِذَا اشْتَكَى عُضْوًا تَدَاعَى لَهُ سَائِرُ جَسَدِهِ بِالسَّهَرِ وَالْحُمَّى

"You see the believers as regards their being merciful among themselves and showing love among themselves and being kind, resembling one body, so that, if any part of the body is not well then the whole body shares the sleeplessness (insomnia) and fever with it." [Sahih al-Bukhari, 6011]

If anyone aids in promoting disbelief, then his conduct is both hypocrisy and disbelief. If the kuffar hurt the Muslims because of someone's help, then he will be executed. Allah says,

وَدُّوۡا لَوۡ تَکۡفُرُوۡنَ کَمَا کَفَرُوۡا فَتَکُوۡنُوۡنَ سَوَآءً فَلَا تَتَّخِذُوۡا مِنۡہُمۡ اَوۡلِیَآءَ حَتّٰی یُہَاجِرُوۡا فِیۡ سَبِیۡلِ اللّٰہِ ؕ فَاِنۡ تَوَلَّوۡا فَخُذُوۡہُمۡ وَ اقۡتُلُوۡہُمۡ حَیۡثُ وَجَدۡتُّمُوۡہُمۡ ۪ وَ لَا تَتَّخِذُوۡا مِنۡہُمۡ وَلِیًّا وَّ لَا نَصِیۡرًا
"They wish you would disbelieve as they disbelieved so you would be alike. So do not take from among them allies until they emigrate for the cause of Allah . But if they turn away, then seize them and kill them wherever you find them and take not from among them any ally or helper." ― (QS. 4:89)

He who does not obey Allah and supports them will be counted among them and he will die as a disbeliever. Narrated Muhammad bin `Abdur-Rahman Abu Al-Aswad,

قُطِعَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ بَعْثٌ فَاكْتُتِبْتُ فِيهِ، فَلَقِيتُ عِكْرِمَةَ مَوْلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ، فَنَهَانِي عَنْ ذَلِكَ أَشَدَّ النَّهْىِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّ نَاسًا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ كَانُوا مَعَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ يُكَثِّرُونَ سَوَادَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَأْتِي السَّهْمُ فَيُرْمَى بِهِ، فَيُصِيبُ أَحَدَهُمْ فَيَقْتُلُهُ أَوْ يُضْرَبُ فَيُقْتَلُ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ‏{‏إِنَّ الَّذِينَ تَوَفَّاهُمُ الْمَلاَئِكَةُ ظَالِمِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ‏}‏ الآيَةَ‏

The people of Medina were forced to prepare an army (to fight against the people of Sham during the caliphate of `Abdullah bin Az-Zubair at Mecca), and I was enlisted in it; Then I met `Ikrima, the freed slave of Ibn `Abbas, and informed him (about it), and he forbade me strongly to do so (i.e. to enlist in that army), and then said, "Ibn `Abbas informed me that some Muslim people were with the pagans, increasing the number of the pagans against Allah's Messenger (ﷺ). An arrow used to be shot which would hit one of them (the Muslims in the company of the pagans) and kill him, or he would be struck and killed (with a sword)." Then Allah revealed, "Verily! as for those whom the angels take (in death) while they are wronging themselves (by staying among the disbelievers)" (4.97)

The hypocrites also bore malice to the Sahabah. Narrated Al-Bara that the Prophet (ﷺ) said,

الأَنْصَارُ لاَ يُحِبُّهُمْ إِلاَّ مُؤْمِنٌ، وَلاَ يُبْغِضُهُمْ إِلاَّ مُنَافِقٌ، فَمَنْ أَحَبَّهُمْ أَحَبَّهُ اللَّهُ، وَمَنْ أَبْغَضَهُمْ أَبْغَضَهُ اللَّهُ

"None loves the Ansar but a believer, and none hates them but a hypocrite. So Allah will love him who loves them, and He will hate him who hates them." [HR Al-Bukhari, 3783]

Narrated Anas bin Malik that the Prophet (ﷺ) said,

آيَةُ الإِيمَانِ حُبُّ الأَنْصَارِ، وَآيَةُ النِّفَاقِ بُغْضُ الأَنْصَارِ

"The sign of Belief is to love the Ansar, and the sign of hypocrisy is to hate the Ansar." [HR Al-Bukhari, 3784]

To love all the Sahabah is the sign of faith, and to bear malice to any one of them for any reason, is a sign of hypocrisy. Umm Al-Mukmineen, Aisha, radhiyallahu 'anhu, narrated that the Prophet (ﷺ) said,

يَا عُثْمَانُ إِنَّهُ لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ يُقَمِّصُكَ قَمِيصًا فَإِنْ أَرَادُوكَ عَلَى خَلْعِهِ فَلاَ تَخْلَعْهُ لَهُمْ

"O 'Uthman! Indeed Allah may give you a shirt, and if they wish that you take it off, do not take it off for them." [HR Jami' at-Tirmidhi; Sahih]

The hypocrites rejoice when the Muslims face a difficulty, but if the Muslims gain some good, they are depressed and feel jealous. They hope for the blessing to be with drawn from the Muslims. Allah says,

اِنۡ تَمۡسَسۡکُمۡ حَسَنَۃٌ تَسُؤۡہُمۡ ۫ وَ اِنۡ تُصِبۡکُمۡ سَیِّئَۃٌ یَّفۡرَحُوۡا بِہَا ؕ وَ اِنۡ تَصۡبِرُوۡا وَ تَتَّقُوۡا لَا یَضُرُّکُمۡ کَیۡدُہُمۡ شَیۡـًٔا ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰہَ بِمَا یَعۡمَلُوۡنَ مُحِیۡطٌ

"If good touches you, it distresses them; but if harm strikes you, they rejoice at it. And if you are patient and fear Allah, their plot will not harm you at all. Indeed, Allah is encompassing of what they do." ― (QS. 3:120)

A Muslim sympathises with his Muslim brother when he is in distress or difficulty. He exhorts him to exercise patience. Whenever, the Prophet (ﷺ) visited anyone to condole with him, he (ﷺ) would pray,

إِنَّ لِلَّهِ مَا أَخَذَ وَلَهُ مَا أَعْطَى وَكُلٌّ عِنْدَهُ بِأَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى، فَلْتَصْبِرْ وَلْتَحْتَسِبْ

"Whatever Allah takes is for Him and whatever He gives, is for Him, and everything with Him has a limited fixed term (in this world) and so she should be patient and hope for Allah's reward." [HR Al-Bukhari, 1284]

If, in His wisdom, Allah tries the Muslims with an affliction and spares the hypocrites, they boast that they had known the sequence of events and were prepared for it. They will pretend to sympathise, but will rejoice inwardly. They are the hypocrites.

Allah says,

وَ اِنَّ مِنۡکُمۡ لَمَنۡ لَّیُبَطِّئَنَّ ۚ فَاِنۡ اَصَابَتۡکُمۡ مُّصِیۡبَۃٌ قَالَ قَدۡ اَنۡعَمَ اللّٰہُ عَلَیَّ اِذۡ لَمۡ اَکُنۡ مَّعَہُمۡ شَہِیۡدًا

"And indeed, there is among you he who lingers behind; and if disaster strikes you, he says, 'Allah has favored me in that I was not present with them.'" ― (QS. 4:72)

وَ لَئِنۡ اَصَابَکُمۡ فَضۡلٌ مِّنَ اللّٰہِ لَیَقُوۡلَنَّ کَاَنۡ لَّمۡ تَکُنۡۢ بَیۡنَکُمۡ وَ بَیۡنَہٗ مَوَدَّۃٌ یّٰلَیۡتَنِیۡ کُنۡتُ مَعَہُمۡ فَاَفُوۡزَ فَوۡزًا عَظِیۡمً

"But if bounty comes to you from Allah, he will surely say, as if there had never been between you and him any affection. 'Oh, I wish I had been with them so I could have attained a great attainment.'" ― (QS. 4:73)

If anyone faces some hardship because of abiding by the Islamic teachings then the hypocrites attribute that to Allah's punishment. Rather, this is a trial and it sifts the genuine from the fake. Allah says,

وَ مِنَ النَّاسِ مَنۡ یَّقُوۡلُ اٰمَنَّا بِاللّٰہِ فَاِذَاۤ اُوۡذِیَ فِی اللّٰہِ جَعَلَ فِتۡنَۃَ النَّاسِ کَعَذَابِ اللّٰہِ ؕ وَ لَئِنۡ جَآءَ نَصۡرٌ مِّنۡ رَّبِّکَ لَیَقُوۡلُنَّ اِنَّا کُنَّا مَعَکُمۡ ؕ اَوَ لَیۡسَ اللّٰہُ بِاَعۡلَمَ بِمَا فِیۡ صُدُوۡرِ الۡعٰلَمِیۡنَ

"And of the people are some who say, 'We believe in Allah,' but when one [of them] is harmed for [the cause of] Allah, they consider the trial of the people as [if it were] the punishment of Allah . But if victory comes from your Lord, they say, 'Indeed, We were with you.' Is not Allah most knowing of what is within the breasts of all creatures?" ― (QS. 29:10)

وَ لَیَعۡلَمَنَّ اللّٰہُ الَّذِیۡنَ اٰمَنُوۡا وَ لَیَعۡلَمَنَّ الۡمُنٰفِقِیۡنَ

"And Allah will surely make evident those who believe, and He will surely make evident the hypocrites." ― (QS. 29:11)

It is also the characteristic of the hypocrites that they will hasten to join the Muslims to receive a share in the booty that the Muslims acquire.

سَیَقُوۡلُ الۡمُخَلَّفُوۡنَ اِذَا انۡطَلَقۡتُمۡ اِلٰی مَغَانِمَ لِتَاۡخُذُوۡہَا ذَرُوۡنَا نَتَّبِعۡکُمۡ ۚ یُرِیۡدُوۡنَ اَنۡ یُّبَدِّلُوۡا کَلٰمَ اللّٰہِ ؕ قُلۡ لَّنۡ تَتَّبِعُوۡنَا کَذٰلِکُمۡ قَالَ اللّٰہُ مِنۡ قَبۡلُ ۚ فَسَیَقُوۡلُوۡنَ بَلۡ تَحۡسُدُوۡنَنَا ؕ بَلۡ کَانُوۡا لَا یَفۡقَہُوۡنَ اِلَّا قَلِیۡلً

"Those who remained behind will say when you set out toward the war booty to take it, "Let us follow you." They wish to change the words of Allah . Say, "Never will you follow us. Thus did Allah say before." So they will say, "Rather, you envy us." But [in fact] they were not understanding except a little." ― (QS. 48:15)

A hypocrite will change sides between Muslims and non-Muslims according to where his advantage lies, and which side faces a difficulty.O my brothers and sisters, a hypocrite is deprived of religious knowledge and understanding though he may have mastered worldly knowledge. Allah says,

یَعۡلَمُوۡنَ ظَاہِرًا مِّنَ الۡحَیٰوۃِ الدُّنۡیَا ۚۖ وَ ہُمۡ عَنِ الۡاٰخِرَۃِ ہُمۡ غٰفِلُوۡنَ

"They know what is apparent of the worldly life, but they, of the Hereafter, are unaware." ― (QS. 30:7)

An understanding of religion is a great blessing of Allah. Muawiya narrated that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said,

مَنْ يُرِدِ اللَّهُ بِهِ خَيْرًا يُفَقِّهْهُ فِي الدِّينِ، وَإِنَّمَا أَنَا قَاسِمٌ وَاللَّهُ يُعْطِي، وَلَنْ تَزَالَ هَذِهِ الأُمَّةُ قَائِمَةً عَلَى أَمْرِ اللَّهِ لاَ يَضُرُّهُمْ مَنْ خَالَفَهُمْ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ أَمْرُ اللَّهِ

"If Allah wants to do good to a person, He makes him comprehend the religion. I am just a distributor, but the grant is from Allah. (And remember) that this nation (true Muslims) will keep on following Allah's teachings strictly and they will not be harmed by any one going on a different path till Allah's order (Day of Judgment) is established." [HR Al-Bukhari, 71]

A hypocrite is unaware of religious knowledge. He may be proficient in worldly sciences and may even try to acquire them, but he lacks proficiency in religious sciences. The hypocrites cite the Hadith that ’it is fard on every Muslim to acquire knowledge’ to gain worldly sciences, conveniently ignoring its meaning to gain Divine awareness, knowledge of the Qur'an and Sunnah. While it is not disallowed to acquire worldly sciences yet it is meaningless to acquire them without religious knowledge. Knowledge of religion is a means of success in the hereafter. There fore it must be sought first.

O my brothers and sisters, it is part of faith to believe in predestination or the decree whether of good or bad. When Jibreel, alayhissalam, came to the Prophet (ﷺ) in human form and asked some questions, he also asked, "Now, tell me about faith." He (ﷺ) said, "That you believe in Allah, His angels, His Books, His Messenger and the Last Day, and that you believe in the decreeing both of good and evil." He said, "You spoke the truth."
The Prophet (ﷺ) also said, "A person does not believe unless he (also) believes in the decreeing both of good and evil till he is convinced that what has afflicted him could not have been averted and what has by passed him could not have afflicted him."

مَاۤ اَصَابَ مِنۡ مُّصِیۡبَۃٍ فِی الۡاَرۡضِ وَ لَا فِیۡۤ اَنۡفُسِکُمۡ اِلَّا فِیۡ کِتٰبٍ مِّنۡ قَبۡلِ اَنۡ نَّبۡرَاَہَا ؕ اِنَّ ذٰلِکَ عَلَی اللّٰہِ یَسِیۡرٌ

"No disaster strikes upon the earth or among yourselves except that it is in a register before We bring it into being - indeed that, for Allah, is easy." ― (QS. 57:22)

Allah tries every Muslim in different ways to separate the persevering from the dissenters on predestination. He says,

وَ لَنَبۡلُوَنَّکُمۡ بِشَیۡءٍ مِّنَ الۡخَوۡفِ وَ الۡجُوۡعِ وَ نَقۡصٍ مِّنَ الۡاَمۡوَالِ وَ الۡاَنۡفُسِ وَ الثَّمَرٰتِ ؕ وَ بَشِّرِ الصّٰبِرِیۡنَ

"And We will surely test you with something of fear and hunger and a loss of wealth and lives and fruits, but give good tidings to the patient." ― (QS. 2:155)

الَّذِیۡنَ اِذَاۤ اَصَابَتۡہُمۡ مُّصِیۡبَۃٌ ۙ قَالُوۡۤا اِنَّا لِلّٰہِ وَ اِنَّاۤ اِلَیۡہِ رٰجِعُوۡنَ

"Who, when disaster strikes them, say, 'Indeed we belong to Allah, and indeed to Him we will return.'" ― (QS. 2:156)

اُولٰٓئِکَ عَلَیۡہِمۡ صَلَوٰتٌ مِّنۡ رَّبِّہِمۡ وَ رَحۡمَۃٌ ۟ وَ اُولٰٓئِکَ ہُمُ الۡمُہۡتَدُوۡنَ

"Those are the ones upon whom are blessings from their Lord and mercy. And it is those who are the [rightly] guided." ― (QS. 2:157)

Thus, it is part of faith to believe in the decreeing of good and evil, If one does not believe in that then he is not a Muslim.

A hypocrite raises objections to the decreeing. This is what the hypocrites said after the Battle of Uhud when seventy of the Sahabah were martyred. Allah says about them,

یٰۤاَیُّہَا النَّاسُ کُلُوۡا مِمَّا فِی الۡاَرۡضِ حَلٰلًا طَیِّبًا ۫ۖ وَّ لَا تَتَّبِعُوۡا خُطُوٰتِ الشَّیۡطٰنِ ؕ اِنَّہٗ لَکُمۡ عَدُوٌّ مُّبِیۡنٌ

"O mankind, eat from whatever is on earth [that is] lawful and good and do not follow the footsteps of Satan. Indeed, he is to you a clear enemy." ― (QS. 2:168)

What is destined cannot be averted. One who wails when afflicted quitters down in the end, but the persevering is quiet from the beginning.

The hypocrite seeks out a Muslim's faults and he spies on him. This evil of spying on other Muslims is very common. People must realise that it is the work of the hypocrites. Allah has forbidden us to do it and we must avoid it lest we go on perpetrating a major sin without realizing that our good deeds are wiped out because of it. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "If anyone eavesdrops on the conversation of other people while they do not like him to do so, or they keep away from him, then heard will be poured in to his ears on the day of resurrection."
A Muslim is disallowed to spy on another Muslim. Spying, on others is a Major sin. Allah says,

یٰۤاَیُّہَا الَّذِیۡنَ اٰمَنُوا اجۡتَنِبُوۡا کَثِیۡرًا مِّنَ الظَّنِّ ۫ اِنَّ بَعۡضَ الظَّنِّ اِثۡمٌ وَّ لَا تَجَسَّسُوۡا وَ لَا یَغۡتَبۡ بَّعۡضُکُمۡ بَعۡضًا ؕ اَیُحِبُّ اَحَدُکُمۡ اَنۡ یَّاۡکُلَ لَحۡمَ اَخِیۡہِ مَیۡتًا فَکَرِہۡتُمُوۡہُ ؕ وَ اتَّقُوا اللّٰہَ ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰہَ تَوَّابٌ رَّحِیۡمٌ

"O you who have believed, avoid much [negative] assumption. Indeed, some assumption is sin. And do not spy or backbite each other. Would one of you like to eat the flesh of his brother when dead? You would detest it. And fear Allah ; indeed, Allah is Accepting of repentance and Merciful." ― (QS. 49:12)

Bara' ibn Aazib narrated that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) addressed them so that women also heard him within their veils. He (ﷺ) called out in his loud voice, "O company of those who have Believed with their tongues, but faith has not been established sincerely in whose hearts, do not backbite the Muslims and do not seek to find their faults, for, who seeks to find the faults of his brother, Allah will seek out his faults. And he whose faults are sought by Allah, He will expose him (even) in the deepest part of his home."

The hypocrite ignores the Sharia laws and obeys the laws of the taghut (or false good). Allah says about them,

اَلَمۡ تَرَ اِلَی الَّذِیۡنَ یَزۡعُمُوۡنَ اَنَّہُمۡ اٰمَنُوۡا بِمَاۤ اُنۡزِلَ اِلَیۡکَ وَ مَاۤ اُنۡزِلَ مِنۡ قَبۡلِکَ یُرِیۡدُوۡنَ اَنۡ یَّتَحَاکَمُوۡۤا اِلَی الطَّاغُوۡتِ وَ قَدۡ اُمِرُوۡۤا اَنۡ یَّکۡفُرُوۡا بِہٖ ؕ وَ یُرِیۡدُ الشَّیۡطٰنُ اَنۡ یُّضِلَّہُمۡ ضَلٰلًۢا بَعِیۡدًا

"Have you not seen those who claim to have believed in what was revealed to you, [O Muhammad], and what was revealed before you? They wish to refer legislation to Taghut, while they were commanded to reject it; and Satan wishes to lead them far astray." ― (QS. 4:60)

وَ اِذَا قِیۡلَ لَہُمۡ تَعَالَوۡا اِلٰی مَاۤ اَنۡزَلَ اللّٰہُ وَ اِلَی الرَّسُوۡلِ رَاَیۡتَ الۡمُنٰفِقِیۡنَ یَصُدُّوۡنَ عَنۡکَ صُدُوۡدًا

"And when it is said to them, 'Come to what Allah has revealed and to the Messenger,' you see the hypocrites turning away from you in aversion." ― (QS. 4:61)

The people who turn away from the Shari'ah courts and Islamic laws in favour of the laws that suit them must ask themselves where they belong to the Muslims or the hypocrites? Those who do not judge by the Qur 'an are sinners, transgressors and disbelievers.

Major hypocrisy or or nifaq i’tiqadi, leads to eternal punishment in the lowest depths of Hell; it is to outwardly display faith in Allah, His Angels, His Books, His Messengers and the Last Day, whereas inwardly one is devoid of such belief, indeed disbelieving in it. He does not believe that Allah spoke to a man amongst men who He appointed to be a Messenger: guiding them by His permission and warning them of His punishment. In the Qur’an, Allah has revealed the machinations of the hypocrites, He has unveiled their beliefs, their qualities, and made their goals clear so that the believers can be aware of them. He divided mankind into three groups in the beginning of Surah al-Baqarah: the believer, the disbeliever, and the hypocrite. He mentioned four verses concerning the believers, two verses concerning the disbelievers, and thirteen verses concerning the hypocrites due to their plenitude and the great harm and tribulation they bring to Islam and the Muslims. Allah says,

یَحۡذَرُ الۡمُنٰفِقُوۡنَ اَنۡ تُنَزَّلَ عَلَیۡہِمۡ سُوۡرَۃٌ تُنَبِّئُہُمۡ بِمَا فِیۡ قُلُوۡبِہِمۡ ؕ قُلِ اسۡتَہۡزِءُوۡا ۚ اِنَّ اللّٰہَ مُخۡرِجٌ مَّا تَحۡذَرُوۡنَ

"They hypocrites are apprehensive lest a surah be revealed about them, informing them of what is in their hearts. Say, 'Mock [as you wish]; indeed, Allah will expose that which you fear.'" - (QS.9:64)

The harm they cause to Islam, is truly severe for they claim to be Muslims, they claim to aid and support Islam, whereas in reality they are its enemies seeking to destroy it from within, covertly spreading their corruption and ignorance such that the unwary thinks that what they are upon is knowledge and right action."

Chameleon paused for a second, then said, "O my brothers and sisters, there are many more signs of hypocrisy you will find out there, but this is all I can tell you.
Know O my brothers in sisters, in current time, the hypocrites must not be obeyed. They must not be made happy. Because they disbelieve in Allah and His Messenger (ﷺ), the funeral Salah must not be offered over the disbeliever and the hypocrite, nor may one offer congregational Salah with one of them as an Imam, nor may a hypocrite be appointed an Imam of Muslims, because both of them are disbelievers, or infidels. They are the worst enemies of the Muslims.
Hypocrisy is a disease that drives faith out of a person's heart. Sometimes, a person is unaware that hypocrisy has made a home in his heart and he performs the deeds of a hypocrite unknowingly. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Most of the hypocrtites in my ummah will be its reciters of the Qur'an." They try to ward off blame by memorizing the Qur'an and their conviction is to remove it. This was what the hypocrites did in the times of the Prophet (ﷺ). Many people memorise the Qur 'an and get the word 'Hafiz' appended before their names. They no longer ensure that they have the Qur'an preserved in their memory. But, the 'Hafiz' is retained.
Finally, hypocracy will be more common before the Last Days. The Last Hour will not come till every people are governed by their hypocrites. And Allah knows best."

References :
- 'Aed Abdullah Al Qarni, The Signs of the Hypocrites, Darul Ishaat Karachi.
- Ibn Qayyim Al-Jawziyyah, Characteristic of the Hypocrites, translated by Abu Rumaysah, Daar Us Sunnah Publishers.

[Part 5]
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