Wary continued, "Allah gave to Prophet 'Isa the Injeel. This revealed book was actually an appendix and the completion of the Torah. That means that although the basis of Prophet 'Isa's teachings were in fact the Torah, but because of their iniquities and strayings of the Jews, which meant that Allah had to send Prophet 'Isa for rectifying their faults, the Injeel was sent. Although before the advent of Prophet 'Isa, the Jewish beliefs and their practical activities had reached such a state that they were innumerable, Prophet 'Isa took the steps to repair their condition. Among others, there were some fundamental faults to which attention had to be given. And in these following fields Prophet Isa spent much effort. First, among the Jews, there was a group who believed that the deeds of a person, good or bad, is being punished or rewarded in this life. As for the hereafter, punishment and reward after death, resurrection— all these beliefs are wrong. These were the Saducees.
A second group did believe in all those things of the hereafter, but they also believed that for reaching to Allah, it was necessary that one should avoid worldly pleasures and the secluded from the people of this world and to live an ascetic life. Hence, they preformed to live away from societies in monasteries and huts. However, this group had before the advent of Prophet 'Isa, lost their position and under the ruse of having cut themselves off from the world were being involved with all worldly and dirty things. Outwardly, they were still appearing ascetic hermits, but in their private lives they were guilty of the most heinous sins, permissiveness and drunkenness. These were the farisees.
The third group had to do with service to the Holy Temple.Their situation was such that the service which they were supposed to deliver for the pleasure of Allah and which was to be based upon sincerity, these services were made into a form of business, and for as
long as they were not paid for any services, they refused to deliver. So much so that they ever went so far as to alter the texts of the Toraat. These were the priests.
The fourth group were above all these others. They had gradually succeeded in lefting the general public believe that there were no basic principles of religion except those which they issued. They had the prerogative to declare the permissible things as nonpermissible and to declare the non-permissible things as permissible. They could add to the religion and discard from it. They had the right to write for someone a pass to enter paradise and for whomsoever they wished they could write out a certificate for entrance to hell. In other words they were among the Children of Israel, "the gods other than God almighty." In the alterations of the Torah, both in words and in meaning they had become very advanced. Through all this they had been seeking to acquire worldly wealth, and for the sake of pleasing the public were prepared to change and alter the injunctions of Deen. These were the Ahbaar "Rabbis" and the scholars.
It is this last group that we are often warned by the Prophet (ﷺ) lest we imitate them. In Islam, their action is called bid'ah. Narrated by Jaabir ibn Abdullah, that the Prophet (ﷺ) said,
أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّ خَيْرَ الْحَدِيثِ كِتَابُ اللَّهِ وَخَيْرُ الْهُدَى هُدَى مُحَمَّدٍ وَشَرُّ الأُمُورِ مُحْدَثَاتُهَا وَكُلُّ بِدْعَةٍ ضَلاَلَةٌ
The best of the speech is embodied in the Book of Allah, and the best of the guidance is the guidance given by Muhammad. And the most evil affairs are their innovations; and every innovation is error." [HR Muslim 867]
Umm Al-Mu'mineen, Aisha, radhiyallahu 'anha, narrated that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said,
مَنْ أَحْدَثَ فِي أَمْرِنَا هَذَا مَا لَيْسَ فِيهِ فَهُوَ رَدٌّ
"If somebody innovates something which is not in harmony with the principles of our religion, that thing is rejected." [HR Al-Bukhari 2697]
These were the various group of people and their beliefs and these were the people among Prophet 'Isa had to carry on his mission, and for whom rectification he was sent. He first took careful notice of each ones beliefs and with sympathy and love criticised their actions, encouraging them to bring about changes for the better. He endeavoured to remove from them all evils and to connect them once more to the Creator. However, they refused to make alternations to their evil deeds and not only that, they also started calling him 'the False Mesiah', becoming his opponents in the spread of the truth. They also made various plans against him and even were bound to seek to kill him." Greean Pigeon asked, "Where are the real Torah and Injeel now?" Wary said, "The Torah and Injeel which was fit to be called the Mosaic Torah and the Injeel of 'Isa—the real Books of Allah, but what have the Jews and Christians done to these books. The Qur’an tells the story in its own words,
If it the unanimous verdict of all scholars even Christians, that the Injeels which was revealed to Prophet 'Isa, is not any one of the Injeels that we have today. What we have today are translations from the Greek and other languages, and these versions have undergone various changes, omissions and additions. Further, it is not even established that certainly these Books have been written by the students and disciples of Prophet 'Isa. There is a strong possibility that they compiled much later by other writers. However, in these Books and their translations, there most certainly are certain sermons and utterances of advice give by Prophet 'Isa. Hence occasionally one gets the impression that in parts they contain his actual words. The Jews and Christians will be held accountable for having various forms of alternations in the texts both word-forword alteration as well as changes in meaning and interpretations. Very after this was done with the purpose of acquiring worldly gain. There can hardly be a more unfortunate deed than this which earns the curses of Allah."أَفَتَطْمَعُونَ أَن يُؤْمِنُوا لَكُمْ وَقَدْ كَانَ فَرِيقٌ مِّنْهُمْ يَسْمَعُونَ كَلَامَ اللَّهِ ثُمَّ يُحَرِّفُونَهُ مِن بَعْدِ مَا عَقَلُوهُ وَهُمْ يَعْلَمُونَ"Do you covet [the hope, O believers], that they would believe for you while a party of them used to hear the words of Allah and then distort the Torah after they had understood it while they were knowing?" - (QS.2:75)
فَوَيْلٌ لِّلَّذِينَ يَكْتُبُونَ الْكِتَابَ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ ثُمَّ يَقُولُونَ هَٰذَا مِنْ عِندِ اللَّهِ لِيَشْتَرُوا بِهِ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلًا فَوَيْلٌ لَّهُم مِّمَّا كَتَبَتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَوَيْلٌ لَّهُم مِّمَّا يَكْسِبُونَ"So woe to those who write the "scripture" with their own hands, then say, "This is from Allah," in order to exchange it for a small price. Woe to them for what their hands have written and woe to them for what they earn." - (QS.2:79)
فَبِمَا نَقۡضِہِمۡ مِّیۡثَاقَہُمۡ لَعَنّٰہُمۡ وَ جَعَلۡنَا قُلُوۡبَہُمۡ قٰسِیَۃً ۚ یُحَرِّفُوۡنَ الۡکَلِمَ عَنۡ مَّوَاضِعِہٖ ۙ وَ نَسُوۡا حَظًّا مِّمَّا ذُکِّرُوۡا بِہٖ ۚ وَ لَا تَزَالُ تَطَّلِعُ عَلٰی خَآئِنَۃٍ مِّنۡہُمۡ اِلَّا قَلِیۡلًا مِّنۡہُمۡ فَاعۡفُ عَنۡہُمۡ وَ اصۡفَحۡ ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰہَ یُحِبُّ الۡمُحۡسِنِیۡنَ"So for their breaking of the covenant We cursed them and made their hearts hard. They distort words from their [proper] usages and have forgotten a portion of that of which they were reminded. And you will still observe deceit among them, except a few of them. But pardon them and overlook [their misdeeds]. Indeed, Allah loves the doers of good." - (QS.5:13)
Greean Pigeon asked, "How does the Qur'an view the Trinity doctrine? " Wary said, "At the time of Revelation of the Qur'an, there were three major groups into which the Christians were divided according to their beliefs in the Trinity. One group used to say that Jesus the Messiah was Allah himself who came down to this world in the form of the Messiah. A second group used to believe that the Messiah, 'Isa ibn Maryam was the Son of God. The third group used to say that the Oneness of God was in the secret of the Trinity which consisted of God, Jesus and Maryam. This group consisted of two divisions. One group of the two took the Holy Ghost instead of Maryam. In any case they both took Jesus to be one of the Trinity.
The Qur'an addressed all these groups individually and jointly, and with clear arguments explained that in this regard the correct belief is one and one only viz that the Messiah was bom of the mother Maryam. He was a true Messenger of Allah. Whatever else is said about his divinity the trinity or son ship of God are all false and untrue, irrespective of whether it brings about a lessening of his status as in the case of the Jewish belief that he was a sorrier, magician or a fraud, or whether it brings about an exaggerated status as in the case of the Christians who consider him God or the Son of God or part of the Trinity.
Not only did the Qur'an proceed to reject the Christian views regarding Prophet 'Isa, but also explained the correct status of the Messiah. And how near he is to Allah so that the views of the Jews the may be rejected. The Messiah is neither God or the son of god. Allah says,
يَا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ لَا تَغْلُوا فِي دِينِكُمْ وَلَا تَقُولُوا عَلَى اللَّهِ إِلَّا الْحَقَّ ۚ إِنَّمَا الْمَسِيحُ عِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَكَلِمَتُهُ أَلْقَاهَا إِلَىٰ مَرْيَمَ وَرُوحٌ مِنْهُ ۖ فَآمِنُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرُسُلِهِ ۖ وَلَا تَقُولُوا ثَلَاثَةٌ ۚ انْتَهُوا خَيْرًا لَكُمْ ۚ إِنَّمَا اللَّهُ إِلَٰهٌ وَاحِدٌ ۖ سُبْحَانَهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ وَلَدٌ ۘ لَهُ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ ۗ وَكَفَىٰ بِاللَّهِ وَكِيلًا"O People of the Scripture, do not commit excess in your religion or say about Allah except the truth. The Messiah, 'Isa, the son of Maryam, was but a messenger of Allah and His word which He directed to Maryam and a soul [created at a command] from Him. So believe in Allah and His messengers. And do not say, "Three"; desist - it is better for you. Indeed, Allah is but one God. Exalted is He above having a son. To Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth. And sufficient is Allah as Disposer of affairs." - (QS.4:171)
وَقَالُوا اتَّخَذَ اللَّهُ وَلَدًا ۗ سُبْحَانَهُ ۖ بَلْ لَهُ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۖ كُلٌّ لَهُ قَانِتُونَ"They say, " Allah has taken a son." Exalted is He! Rather, to Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and the earth. All are devoutly obedient to Him," - (QS.2:116)
مَا الۡمَسِیۡحُ ابۡنُ مَرۡیَمَ اِلَّا رَسُوۡلٌ ۚ قَدۡ خَلَتۡ مِنۡ قَبۡلِہِ الرُّسُلُ ؕ وَ اُمُّہٗ صِدِّیۡقَۃٌ ؕ کَانَا یَاۡکُلٰنِ الطَّعَامَ ؕ اُنۡظُرۡ کَیۡفَ نُبَیِّنُ لَہُمُ الۡاٰیٰتِ ثُمَّ انۡظُرۡ اَنّٰی یُؤۡفَکُوۡنَ"The Messiah, son of Mary, was not but a messenger; [other] messengers have passed on before him. And his mother was a supporter of truth. They both used to eat food. Look how We make clear to them the signs; then look how they are deluded." - (QS,5:75)
لَنۡ یَّسۡتَنۡکِفَ الۡمَسِیۡحُ اَنۡ یَّکُوۡنَ عَبۡدًا لِّلّٰہِ وَ لَا الۡمَلٰٓئِکَۃُ الۡمُقَرَّبُوۡنَ ؕ وَ مَنۡ یَّسۡتَنۡکِفۡ عَنۡ عِبَادَتِہٖ وَ یَسۡتَکۡبِرۡ فَسَیَحۡشُرُہُمۡ اِلَیۡہِ جَمِیۡعًا"Never would the Messiah disdain to be a servant of Allah, nor would the angels near [to Him]. And whoever disdains His worship and is arrogant - He will gather them to Himself all together." - (QS.4:172)
Green Pigeon asked, "When will be Prophet 'Isa returned?" Wary said, "The Qur'an has, in eloquently concise manner, given the account of ascent of Prophet 'Isa to the heavens, his present state of life, and his descent at a later stage, which will be one of the signs of the End of the World. The details of these things have been given in authentic Hadith. Narrated Abu Huraira that Rasulullah (ﷺ) said,
وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ، لَيُوشِكَنَّ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ فِيكُمُ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ حَكَمًا عَدْلاً، فَيَكْسِرَ الصَّلِيبَ، وَيَقْتُلَ الْخِنْزِيرَ، وَيَضَعَ الْجِزْيَةَ، وَيَفِيضَ الْمَالُ حَتَّى لاَ يَقْبَلَهُ أَحَدٌ، حَتَّى تَكُونَ السَّجْدَةُ الْوَاحِدَةُ خَيْرًا مِنَ الدُّنْيَا وَمَا فِيهَا "By Him in Whose Hands my soul is, surely ('Isa,) the son of Maryam, will soon descend amongst you and will judge mankind justly (as a Just Ruler); he will break the Cross and kill the pigs and there will be no Jizya (i.e. taxation taken from non Muslims). Money will be in abundance so that nobody will accept it, and a single prostration to Allah (in prayer) will be better than the whole world and whatever is in it."
Abu Huraira added, "If you want confirmation of theQur'an, recite (this verse of the Qur;'an)
وَإِنْ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ إِلَّا لَيُؤْمِنَنَّ بِهِ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ ۖ وَيَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِمْ شَهِيدًا"And there is none from the People of the Scripture but that he will surely believe in Jesus before his death. And on the Day of Resurrection he will be against them a witness." - (QS.4:159)
The Qur'an and certain authentic Hadith have given some events that will occur shortly before the Last Days as a sign of its being near at hand. One of those signs, is the descent of Prophet 'Isa from the heavens, the details of which is as follows, "A fierce battle will be raging between the Muslim and the Christians, and the leadership of the Muslims will be in the hands of a man from the off-spring of the Prophet (ﷺ). He will be called "Al-Mahdi". At that time, also will appear the messiah of falsehood— Dajjal— (the Anti Christ). This Dajjal will actually be of Jewish off-spring and will be one-eyed. On his forehead there will be the letters Kaaf Faa and Raa— Kafir, and the people of lman will be able to read it with their Imani perception. The people of Iman will be safe from the treachery and deception. First he will make the claim to be God, and like a cheating juggler with sleight of hand, will show some tricks akin to magic and thereby try to pull people's attention towards him. But seeing himself unsuccessful in that, he will claim to be the Messiah of guidance. The Jews in large numbers will follow him.This is so because they already rejected the Messiah when he came and claimed to have killed him. Up to today, they are still awaiting the coming of the Messiah. And so one day at the Jamia Masjid of Damascus, the Muslims will be busy gathering for the performing Salaah in the dark and while the Iqamat will be recited in preparation for the Salah with Imam Mahdi to lead prayers, and at that moment a noise will be heard to pull the attention towards it. The Muslims will look up towards the noise coming from the sky and will notice a white cloud above.
Soon thereafter they will see Prophet 'Isa, alayhisslam, descending, dressed in two yellow cloths with two angels on his sides. The angels will leave him at the Minaret of the Masjid and return back to the heavens. From that moment onwards, Prophet 'Isa will again become connected to this world. Then he will become once again subject to man’s natural needs and in order to descend down to the courtyard of the Mosque, he will look for the stairs to come down. Very soon, he will descend and enter the lines of those ready for Salaah. The Imam of the Muslims (Imam Mahdi) will in his honour step backwards so that Prophet 'Isa may lead the prayers but he will reply, "This Iqaamat has been recited for you to lead prayers. So proceed to lead the Salaah.
After the Salaah, the leadership of the Muslims will be taken over by Prophet 'Isa. He will then proceed in battle against the anti Christ (Dajjal) and will find him at the gate Babul-Hudd, one of the gates of the town. Dajjal will realise that the time for the end of his treachery and deception had come. Like a metal, he will begin to melt and Prophet 'Isa will step forward and finish him off. All those Jews who had been following him will then embrace Islam and follow the guidance of the Messiah. Then they will be seen standing with the Muslims shoulder to shoulder. All this will have a definite effect upon the non-Muslims and the polytheists and they too will embrace Islam and so at that time there will be no other Deen remained except Islam.
A short while after this, Yajooj and Majooj will come out of their hiding place and according to the instructions of Allah, Prophet 'Isa will keep the Muslims safe from the evils of these two tribes.
Prophet 'Isa' s rule on earth will last for, some says seven years, some says forty- years, and according to Imam Muslim, his rule will last for sixty years. Narrated Abu Hurayrah, the Prophet (ﷺ) said,
In his period, Prophet 'Isa will spend a married life and during his time, the world will be so filled with peace and justice, and there will be such goodness and blessings that the goat and the lion will peacefully drink water from the same shore of a river, and at that time evil and iniquity will be overcome. Imam Ahmad reports on the authority of Abu Hurairah, that the Prophet (ﷺ) said,لَيْسَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ نَبِيٌّ - يَعْنِي عِيسَى - وَإِنَّهُ نَازِلٌ فَإِذَا رَأَيْتُمُوهُ فَاعْرِفُوهُ رَجُلٌ مَرْبُوعٌ إِلَى الْحُمْرَةِ وَالْبَيَاضِ بَيْنَ مُمَصَّرَتَيْنِ كَأَنَّ رَأْسَهُ يَقْطُرُ وَإِنْ لَمْ يُصِبْهُ بَلَلٌ فَيُقَاتِلُ النَّاسَ عَلَى الإِسْلاَمِ فَيَدُقُّ الصَّلِيبَ وَيَقْتُلُ الْخِنْزِيرَ وَيَضَعُ الْجِزْيَةَ وَيُهْلِكُ اللَّهُ فِي زَمَانِهِ الْمِلَلَ كُلَّهَا إِلاَّ الإِسْلاَمَ وَيُهْلِكُ الْمَسِيحَ الدَّجَّالَ فَيَمْكُثُ فِي الأَرْضِ أَرْبَعِينَ سَنَةً ثُمَّ يُتَوَفَّى فَيُصَلِّي عَلَيْهِ الْمُسْلِمُونَ"There is no prophet between me and him, that is, 'Isa. He will descent (to the earth). When you see him, recognise him: a man of medium height, reddish fair, wearing two light yellow garments, looking as if drops were falling down from his head though it will not be wet. He will fight the people for the cause of Islam. He will break the cross, kill swine, and abolish jizyah. Allah will perish all religions except Islam. He will destroy the Antichrist and will live on the earth for forty years and then he will die. The Muslims will pray over him." [HR Sunan Abi Dawud; Sahih by Al-Albani]
'Isa, the son of Maryam, will certainly pronounce Talbiyah for Hajj (Pilgrimage ) or for 'Umra (Minor pilgrimage) or for both in the valley of Rauhaa’."In Surah Al-Maidah, various aspects of the life of Prophet 'Isa has been dealt with, and at the end of the Surah, the Surah is terminated with mention of him once more. At that moment, Allah first of all drew the picture of how the various prophets will be questioned about their peoples. Those prophets will reply in great respect that they did not know. Allah said,
Wary then concluded, "O my brothers and sisters, if we are sincere in our search for the truth of Allah, we must respond accordingly upon the discovery of that truth. It is our duty to worship the One, True God who created us all in absolute submission to His will. This is the message of Prophet Adam and Nuh up to 'Isa, alayhimussalam, and the Final Prophet, Muhammad ibn Abdillah (ﷺ). The message is simple and natural. We must acknowledge Allah as all of the previous Prophets acknowledged him and knew him. That is to acknowledge that Allah is the Absolute maker, Owner, and Rabb of everything and that His dominion extends over all his creation. All acts of worship, sacrifice, and supplication should be directed to Allah with no intermediaries in between Him and his creatures. And finally, nothing in his creation is like Him and He is only known as He has described himself through his revelation to the Messengers.يَوْمَ يَجْمَعُ اللَّهُ الرُّسُلَ فَيَقُولُ مَاذَا أُجِبْتُمْ قَالُوا لا عِلْمَ لَنَا إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ عَلامُ الْغُيُوبِ"[Be warned of] the Day when Allah will assemble the messengers and say, 'What was the response you received?' They will say, 'We have no knowledge. Indeed, it is You who is Knower of the unseen.'" – (QS.5:109)
In the next verses, Prophet 'Isa's reply is given,
وَإِذْ قَالَ اللَّهُ يَا عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ أَأَنْتَ قُلْتَ لِلنَّاسِ اتَّخِذُونِي وَأُمِّيَ إِلَهَيْنِ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ قَالَ سُبْحَانَكَ مَا يَكُونُ لِي أَنْ أَقُولَ مَا لَيْسَ لِي بِحَقٍّ إِنْ كُنْتُ قُلْتُهُ فَقَدْ عَلِمْتَهُ تَعْلَمُ مَا فِي نَفْسِي وَلا أَعْلَمُ مَا فِي نَفْسِكَ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ عَلامُ الْغُيُوبِ"And [beware the Day] when Allah will say, 'O 'Isa, Son of Maryam, did you say to the people, 'Take me and my mother as deities besides Allah ?'" He will say, "Exalted are You! It was not for me to say that to which I have no right. If I had said it, You would have known it. You know what is within myself, and I do not know what is within Yourself. Indeed, it is You who is Knower of the unseen.'" – (QS.5:116)
مَا قُلْتُ لَهُمْ إِلا مَا أَمَرْتَنِي بِهِ أَنِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ رَبِّي وَرَبَّكُمْ وَكُنْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ شَهِيدًا مَا دُمْتُ فِيهِمْ فَلَمَّا تَوَفَّيْتَنِي كُنْتَ أَنْتَ الرَّقِيبَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَأَنْتَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ شَهِيدٌ"I said not to them except what You commanded me - to worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord. And I was a witness over them as long as I was among them; but when You took me up, You were the Observer over them, and You are, over all things, Witness." – (QS.5:117)
إِنْ تُعَذِّبْهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ عِبَادُكَ وَإِنْ تَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ فَإِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ"If You should punish them - indeed they are Your servants; but if You forgive them - indeed it is You who is the Exalted in Might, the Wise." – (QS.5:118)
قَالَ اللَّهُ هَذَا يَوْمُ يَنْفَعُ الصَّادِقِينَ صِدْقُهُمْ لَهُمْ جَنَّاتٌ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الأنْهَارُ خَالِدِينَ فِيهَا أَبَدًا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ وَرَضُوا عَنْهُ ذَلِكَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ"Allah will say, "This is the Day when the truthful will benefit from their truthfulness." For them are gardens [in Paradise] beneath which rivers flow, wherein they will abide forever, Allah being pleased with them, and they with Him. That is the great attainment." – (QS.5:119)
لِلَّهِ مُلْكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأرْضِ وَمَا فِيهِنَّ وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ"To Allah belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth and whatever is within them. And He is over all things competent." – (QS.5:120)
And let us conclude with two narrations from Allah’s Last Messenger concerning Prophet 'Isa.
Al-Bukhari and Muslim state in their two Sahihs that the Prophet (ﷺ) said, "If anyone bears witness that there is no god but Allah who has no associate, and that Muhammad is His bondman and Messenger, and that 'Isa is Allah's bondman and Messenger, and His Word which He bestowed on Maryam and a soul from Him, and that Paradise is true, and Hell is true, Allah will admit him into Paradise with the deeds which he has done even if those deeds were few. "And Allah knows best."
Al-Bukhari reports on the authority of Ibn ' Abbas that the latter said, "I heard Umar (i.e. Ibn Al-Khattaab), while addressing the people from the pulpit, saying, "I heard the Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Do not glorify me the same way the Christians glorified 'Isa, the son of Mary, for I am but a bondman. So, call me Allah's bondman and Messenger."
- Ibn Katheer, The islamic View of Jesus, Dar Al-Manarah
- Rashad Abdul Muhaimin, Jesus and the Bible, el-haqq.com
- Maulana Hifzur Rahman Seoharwy, Qasasul Ambiyaa, Idara Impex.
- Moshe Perlmann, The History of At-Tabari, Voume IV : The Ancient Kingdom, SUNY Press.
- Ibn Kathir, Stories of the Prophet, Darussalam.
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