Then the hornbill continued, "O my brothers and sisters, this is the quality of the Children of Israel which shows that they do not want to leave things that are not allowed on them. On the contrary, the ummah of Muhammad (ﷺ) obtained perfection because of the glory of their Prophet (ﷺ). There is no doubt that the Prophet (ﷺ) is the most noble human being. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) bears all human honors. He (ﷺ) is a noble being in the heavens and on earth. In addition to the religious leader, he (ﷺ) was also a head of the "state". However, he (ﷺ) was not arrogant like the medieval feudal groups in Europe. It was narrated from Abu Sa’eed that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said,
There is a story about the Prophet's humility (ﷺ).أَنَا سَيِّدُ وَلَدِ آدَمَ وَلاَ فَخْرَ وَأَنَا أَوَّلُ مَنْ تَنْشَقُّ الأَرْضُ عَنْهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَلاَ فَخْرَ وَأَنَا أَوَّلُ شَافِعٍ وَأَوَّلُ مُشَفَّعٍ وَلاَ فَخْرَ وَلِوَاءُ الْحَمْدِ بِيَدِي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَلاَ فَخْرَ“I am the leader of the sons of Adam, and it is no boast. I will be the first one for whom the earth will be split open on the Day of Resurrection, and it is no boast. I will be the first to intercede and the first whose intercession will be accepted, and it is no boast. The banner of praise will be in my hand on the Day of Resurrection, and it is no boast.” [HR Sunan Ibn Majah 37/4450: Sahih]
Abu Hurayrah, radhiyallahu 'anhu, reported that While a Jew was selling goods, he was given something which he did not accept or he did not agree (to accept) that 'Abdul 'Azlz (one of the narrators) is doubtful about it. He (the Jew) said, "By Allah, Who chose Musa (alayhissalam) among mankind." A person from the Ansar heard it and gave a blow at his face saying, "(You have the audacity) to say, 'By Him Who chose Musa amongst mankind,' whereas Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) is living amongst us." The Jew went to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and said, "Abu'l-Qasim, I am a Dhimmi and (thus need your protection) by a covenant," and added, "Such and such person has given a blow upon my face." Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "Why did you give a blow on his face?" He said, "Allah's Messenger, this man said, 'By Him Who chose Musa amongst mankind,' whereas you are living amongst us." Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) became angry and signs of anger could be seen on his face, and then said, "Don't make distinction amongst the Prophets of Allah. When the horn will be blown and whatever is in the heavens and the earth would swoon but he whom Allah grants exception, then another horn will be blown and I would be the first amongst those who would recover and Musa would be catching hold of the Throne and I do not know whether it is a compensation for that when he swooned on the Day of Tur or he would be resurrected before me and I do not say that anyone is more excellent than Yunus son of Matta (alayhissalam)." [HR Muslim 2373]This is a form of humility of the Prophet (ﷺ) or as a form of prohibition of exaggerating the Prophet (ﷺ) of the other Prophets because of being driven by anger or fanatics. It is Allah Who has the right to elevate the glory of some to others. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) gained a noble position (al-Maqam al-Mahmud) which was highly expected by the early generation to the end generation. The Prophets and Apostles did not get any, even though they were the ulul azmi Prophets: Noah, Ibrahim, Musa, and Isa bin Maryam.
The seagull asked, "O my brother, tell us, what happened to Musa, alayhissalam, on the Day of Tur?" The hornbill said, "When Allah destroyed Pharaoh and his people, saving Musa, alaihissalam, and his people, Allah made a covenant with Musa of thirty nights after which He added to them ten more nights. Thus, they were forty nights in all. Allah said, "
Allah reminds the Children of Israel of the guidance that He sent to them by speaking directly to Musa and revealing the Tawrah to him. In it, was their law and the details of their legislation. Allah stated here that He appointed thirty nights for Musa. The scholars of Tafsir said that Musa fasted this period, and when they ended, Musa cleaned his teeth with a twig. Allah commanded him to complete the term adding ten more days, making the total forty. When the appointed term finished, Musa was about to return to Mount Tur, as Allah said,وَوَاعَدْنَا مُوسَى ثَلاثِينَ لَيْلَةً وَأَتْمَمْنَاهَا بِعَشْرٍ فَتَمَّ مِيقَاتُ رَبِّهِ أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً وَقَالَ مُوسَى لأخِيهِ هَارُونَ اخْلُفْنِي فِي قَوْمِي وَأَصْلِحْ وَلا تَتَّبِعْ سَبِيلَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ"And We made an appointment with Moses for thirty nights and perfected them by [the addition of] ten; so the term of his Lord was completed as forty nights. And Musa said to his brother Aaron, 'Take my place among my people, do right [by them], and do not follow the way of the corrupters.'" - (QS. 7:142)
يَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ قَدْ أَنْجَيْنَاكُمْ مِنْ عَدُوِّكُمْ وَوَاعَدْنَاكُمْ جَانِبَ الطُّورِ الأيْمَنَ وَنَزَّلْنَا عَلَيْكُمُ الْمَنَّ وَالسَّلْوَى"O Children of Israel, We delivered you from your enemy, and We made an appointment with you at the right side of the mount, and We sent down to you manna and quails," - (QS.20:80)Musa left his brother Aaron with the Children of Israel and commanded him to use wisdom and refrain from mischief. This was only a reminder, for Aaron was an honorable and noble Prophet who had grace and exalted standard with Allah, may Allah’s peace and blessings be upon him and the rest of the Prophets.
According to Ibn Jarir, from the account of as-Suddi, Gabriel came to take Musa to Allah. He approached on a horse, and a man, As-Samiri, saw him but did not know him. It is said that it was the horse of life. As-Samiri said when he saw him, "Verily this is something momentous! " So he took some of the dust from the hoof of the horse.
Then Allah Ta'ala said,
[Part 2]Allah said that when Musa, alaihissalam, came for His appointment and spoke to Him directly, he asked to see Him, but Allah said, "You cannot see Me." You cannot’ by no means indicates that seeing Allah will never occur, as the misguided sect of Al-Mu’tazilah claimed. The Hadiths of Mutawatir grade narrated from the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), affirm that the believers will see Allah in the Hereafter. Allah said,وَلَمَّا جَاءَ مُوسَى لِمِيقَاتِنَا وَكَلَّمَهُ رَبُّهُ قَالَ رَبِّ أَرِنِي أَنْظُرْ إِلَيْكَ قَالَ لَنْ تَرَانِي وَلَكِنِ انْظُرْ إِلَى الْجَبَلِ فَإِنِ اسْتَقَرَّ مَكَانَهُ فَسَوْفَ تَرَانِي فَلَمَّا تَجَلَّى رَبُّهُ لِلْجَبَلِ جَعَلَهُ دَكًّا وَخَرَّ مُوسَى صَعِقًا فَلَمَّاأَفَاقَ قَالَ سُبْحَانَكَ تُبْتُ إِلَيْكَ وَأَنَا أَوَّلُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ
And when Musa arrived at Our appointed time and his Rabb spoke to him, he said, "My Rabb, show me [Yourself] that I may look at You." [Allah] said, "You will not see Me, but look at the mountain; if it should remain in place, then you will see Me." But when his Rabb appeared to the mountain, He rendered it level, and Musa fell unconscious. And when he awoke, he said, "Exalted are You! I have repented to You, and I am the first of the believers." - (QS. 7:143)
According to Ibn Jarir, Ibn Abbas, radhiyallahu said, "Allah revealed of Himself no more than the equivalent of the tip of the little finger, and He sent the mountain crashing down while Moses fell down in a faint. He remained in a faint as long as Allah wished , and then he recovered his senses, saying, "Glory unto You! I turn to You repentant, and I am the first of the believers" - among the Israelites.وُجُوهٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ نَاضِرَةٌ"[Some] faces, that Day, will be radiant," - (QS.75:22)
إِلَى رَبِّهَا نَاظِرَةٌ"Looking at their Rabb." - (QS.75:22
Then Allah said,
Allah states that He spoke to Musa directly and informed him that He has chosen him above the people of his time, by His Message and by speaking to him. Here we should mention that there is no doubt that the Prophet (ﷺ) is the chief of all the Children of Adam, the earlier and later ones among them. This is why Allah has chosen him to be the Final and Last Prophet and Messenger, whose Law shall remain dominant and valid until the commencement of the Last Hour. The Prophet’s (ﷺ) followers are more numerous than the followers of all Prophets and Messengers. After the Prophet (ﷺ), the next in rank of honor and virtue is Ibrahim, then Musa, son of ‘Imran, alaihimussalam, who spoke to the Most Beneficent directly.قَالَ يَا مُوسَى إِنِّي اصْطَفَيْتُكَ عَلَى النَّاسِ بِرِسَالاتِي وَبِكَلامِي فَخُذْ مَا آتَيْتُكَ وَكُنْ مِنَ الشَّاكِرِينَ"[Allah] said, 'O Musa, I have chosen you over the people [in your time] with My messages and My words [to you]. So take what I have given you and be among the grateful." - (QS. 7:144)
Nesxt, Allah said,
Allah stated that He has written lessons and exhortation for all things and explanations for all things on the Tablets. It was said that in the Tablets, Allah wrote advice and the details of the commandments for lawful and prohibited matters. The Tablets contained the Tawrah, that Allah described;وَكَتَبْنَا لَهُ فِي الألْوَاحِ مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ مَوْعِظَةً وَتَفْصِيلا لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ فَخُذْهَا بِقُوَّةٍ وَأْمُرْ قَوْمَكَ يَأْخُذُوا بِأَحْسَنِهَا سَأُرِيكُمْ دَارَ الْفَاسِقِينَ"And We wrote for him on the tablets [something] of all things - instruction and explanation for all things, [saying], 'Take them with determination and order your people to take the best of it. I will show you the home of the defiantly disobedient.'" - (QS.7:145)
وَلَقَدْ آتَيْنَا مُوسَى الْكِتَابَ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا أَهْلَكْنَا الْقُرُونَ الأولَى بَصَائِرَ لِلنَّاسِ وَهُدًى وَرَحْمَةً لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَذَكَّرُونَA number of salaf scholars, including Ibn Abbas, Masruq and Mujahid said, "Thirty days is the month of Dhul-Qa'idah full and forty days with ten days of Dhul-Hijjah." Based on this, the kalamullah was delivered on the day Eid al-Adha. The same thing also happened when Allah perfected His religion for the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), upholding His proofs.
"And We gave Moses the Scripture, after We had destroyed the former generations, as enlightenment for the people and guidance and mercy that they might be reminded." - (QS.28:43)
Musa had made perfect satisfaction with his Rabb at the time that Allah had determined. At that time, Musa was fasting. Some said, at that time he had not eaten at all. After a month, Musa took the tree bark and chewed it to get rid of the bad breath. Allah Ta'ala ordered him to fast for ten more days. So the number is even forty days.
When Musa made haste to go to the Mountain and he left his brother, Aaron, in charge over the Children of Israel, Allah said,
Allah informed His Prophet, Musa, of what happened to the Children of Israel after he left them, and their deification of the calf that As-Samiri had made for them.وَمَا أَعْجَلَكَ عَنْ قَوْمِكَ يَا مُوسَى"And what made you hasten from your people, O Musa?" - (QS.20:83)
قَالَ هُمْ أُولاءِ عَلَى أَثَرِي وَعَجِلْتُ إِلَيْكَ رَبِّ لِتَرْضَىHe said, "They are close upon my tracks, and I hastened to You, my Lord, that You be pleased." - (QS.20:84)
قَالَ فَإِنَّا قَدْ فَتَنَّا قَوْمَكَ مِنْ بَعْدِكَ وَأَضَلَّهُمُ السَّامِرِيُّ[Allah] said, "But indeed, We have tried your people after you [departed], and the Samiri has led them astray." - (QS.20:85)
