The Fig, the Olive and the Peaceful Land: When Cattleya Talked (5)

"The feud between King Penthung Pinanggul and Lembusura continues to unfold like a never-ending soap opera. Recently, while Lembusura was taking a well-deserved break to recharge his mystical energies, the ever-scheming King decided to play a little prank. In the dead of night, with the stealth of a cat burglar, King Penthung snipped off Lembusura’s tail. Now, you might think that a magical being like Lembusura would shrug this off, but even he has his limits.
Despite his ability to heal wounds and regenerate body parts faster than you can say 'abracadabra,' this act of tail-thievery has certainly added fuel to the already blazing fire of their rivalry. For the past decade, Lembusura has been the loyal political steed of King Penthung, carrying him through the tumultuous terrain of governance. But now, with his tail missing, Lembusura’s patience is wearing thin.
Rumour has it that Lembusura is currently scouring the flea markets, not for a new tail, but for a magical potion that will make his tail grow back even more splendidly. Meanwhile, King Penthung is basking in his mischievous triumph, probably planning his next grand scheme. Perhaps he’s considering a career in stand-up comedy, given his knack for creating drama.

Penthungjaya kingdom is a vibrant realm teeming with a variety of magical creatures, each adding its own unique charm and charisma to the land. Nantaboga, dragon-like serpents inhabit the rivers and lakes of the kingdom. Nantaboga moonlights as the resident coup artist and political parties pooper. Whenever there’s a hint of celebration of political party, Nantaboga lurks in the shadows, ready to throw a wrench. His favourite pastime? Toppling and crashing political parties with the finesse of a serpent.
The Enigmatic Jenglot, a tiny doll-like creatures are shrouded in mystery. They are said to possess magical powers and are often sought after for their ability to grant wishes. However, dealing with a Jenglot requires caution, as they are known to be capricious and unpredictable. Jenglot, the kingdom’s tiny terror, is always on standby to scare the socks off anyone who dares to disobey. With a glare that could curdle milk and a presence that sends shivers down the spine, Jenglot ensures that everyone toes the line. Rumour has it, that even the bravest knights have been reduced to quivering puddles at the mere sight of this pint-sized coercer.
And let’s not forget Tuyul, a tiny doll-like creatures are shrouded in mystery, the pint-sized pilferer who’s always ready to swipe anything that isn’t nailed down. From jewels to the last cookie in the jar, nothing is safe from Tuyul’s sticky fingers. This mischievous little sprite has a knack for making the kingdom's coffers disappear faster than anyone can imagine.
Together, this trio of troublemakers keeps the kingdom of Penthungjaya in a constant state of chaos. Whether it’s a coup, a scare, or a heist, you can be sure that Nantaboga, Jenglot, and Tuyul are in action, much to the exasperation of the kingdom’s inhabitants.
As the kingdom waits with bated breath for Lembusura’s next move, one thing is certain: this saga is far from over. Will Lembusura retaliate with a magical prank of his own? Stay tuned for the next episode of this royal satirical comedy!"

"Now let's go on with our topic!" said Cattleya. "The idea that promiscuity could weaken or destroy a nation is a topic often debated within moral, cultural, and sociological frameworks. The impact of such behaviours on a nation largely depends on how they influence social structures, cultural norms, and political stability.

Promiscuity generally refers to engaging in casual sexual relationships with multiple partners without commitment. It often implies a lack of selectiveness in choosing partners and can carry different connotations depending on cultural, social, or individual perspectives. In some contexts, the term may be used judgmentally, while in others, it may simply describe a behaviour without a moral implication.
Promiscuity itself is not a culture, but it can be influenced by cultural norms and values. Different cultures have varying attitudes toward sexual behaviour, including what is considered acceptable or taboo. In some cultures, casual sexual relationships may be more socially accepted or even celebrated, while in others, they may be discouraged or stigmatized.
The way promiscuity is viewed and practised can reflect broader cultural values, such as attitudes toward sexuality, gender roles, and personal freedom. For example, some subcultures or communities may embrace more open attitudes toward sexuality, including promiscuity, as part of their identity or lifestyle. However, it's important to recognize that promiscuity itself is a behaviour rather than a cultural practice, and its prevalence or acceptance can vary widely within and between cultures.

The presence of promiscuity in a nation can be influenced by historical factors, but it is not necessarily a direct reflection of a nation's history. Several historical, social, and cultural elements can shape attitudes toward sexuality, including promiscuity. In nations with a history of colonization, the colonizers' cultural and religious norms often impacted local attitudes toward sexuality. This could lead to either the repression or liberalization of sexual behaviours, depending on the colonizing power's influence. The dominant religion or spiritual beliefs in a nation's history can significantly shape views on sexual behaviour. Religions that emphasize chastity, marriage, and sexual morality may foster cultures where promiscuity is less accepted. Conversely, more permissive religious traditions or secular movements might influence a more liberal approach to sexuality.
Historical social movements, such as the sexual revolution in the 1960s and 1970s in many Western countries, played a major role in changing attitudes toward sexual behaviour. These movements often challenged traditional norms and promoted greater sexual freedom, which could increase the acceptance of promiscuity. Historical economic conditions, such as periods of war or economic hardship, can affect social norms, including sexual behaviour. For example, in times of social upheaval, traditional structures may weaken, leading to changes in sexual behaviour, including an increase in promiscuity. Historical interactions between different cultures through trade, migration, or conquest can introduce new attitudes and practices regarding sexuality. This can lead to the blending or clashing of norms, influencing contemporary views on promiscuity.
Laws and policies regarding marriage, gender roles, and sexual behaviour can have long-lasting effects on societal norms. For instance, strict legal codes around marriage and morality might discourage promiscuity, while more permissive legal environments could contribute to its prevalence.

Supporters of promiscuity often argue that it can offer several benefits, particularly in the context of personal freedom, self-exploration, and challenging traditional norms. Promiscuity, they say, allows individuals to make choices about their own bodies and sexual experiences without being constrained by societal norms. It is often seen as an expression of personal freedom and autonomy. Engaging in casual relationships with different partners can be a way for individuals to explore their sexuality, learn more about their desires, and discover what they enjoy in relationships and sex.
Promiscuity can be viewed as a challenge to traditional, often restrictive, social and cultural norms regarding sexuality. It promotes the idea that people should not be judged or restricted by conventional standards, especially those that may be rooted in outdated or oppressive ideologies. Supporters argue that promiscuity can lead to greater sexual satisfaction, as individuals are not limited to one partner and can seek out different experiences that meet their sexual needs and desires.
Promiscuity, when practised openly and consensually, can help reduce the stigma associated with non-traditional sexual behaviours. It encourages a more open conversation about sexuality and helps to normalize diverse sexual practices. Some people appreciate the independence that comes with promiscuity. They may prefer not to be tied down to a single partner or a long-term relationship, enjoying the freedom to engage in sexual activities without the emotional or social obligations that often come with committed relationships. For women and other marginalized groups, promiscuity can be a way to resist and break free from gender stereotypes that dictate how they should behave sexually. It can be a form of empowerment, challenging the double standards that often exist around male and female sexuality.
Promiscuity, especially in the context of open relationships or ethical non-monogamy, requires open and honest communication. Supporters argue that this can lead to healthier relationships overall, as individuals learn to express their needs and boundaries clearly.

Critics of promiscuity often raise concerns about the potential negative consequences associated with each of the points that supporters might advocate. Critics argue that while personal freedom is important, promiscuity can sometimes lead to decisions that are impulsive or not well-considered, potentially resulting in emotional distress or regret. They also highlight that true autonomy involves making choices that consider both immediate desires and long-term well-being. While self-discovery is valuable, critics suggest that promiscuity might lead to confusion or emotional detachment, making it harder for individuals to form deep, meaningful connections. They also warn that frequent casual encounters might prevent individuals from developing the skills needed for long-term, committed relationships.
Critics acknowledge the importance of challenging oppressive norms but caution that rejecting all traditional values can sometimes lead to a lack of stability or moral direction. They argue that not all traditions are inherently negative and that some may provide a foundation for healthy relationships and communities. Critics contend that while promiscuity might provide short-term sexual gratification, it may not lead to long-term fulfilment. They argue that sexual satisfaction is often deeper and more meaningful within the context of a committed relationship where trust and emotional intimacy are present.
Critics warn that normalizing promiscuity could inadvertently lower standards for sexual health and responsibility, leading to increased risks of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) or unintended pregnancies. They also express concern that reducing the stigma around promiscuity might lead to the erosion of important social values regarding commitment and fidelity. While independence is valued, critics argue that a focus on non-attachment in sexual relationships might hinder personal growth. They believe that deep, committed relationships are essential for developing emotional maturity and that avoiding attachment may lead to loneliness or a lack of meaningful connections.
Critics agree that challenging double standards is important but caution that promiscuity might not be the most effective way to achieve gender equality. They argue that promoting sexual responsibility and mutual respect may be more empowering and sustainable in the long run. While open communication is crucial in any relationship, critics argue that promiscuity can complicate these dynamics, leading to misunderstandings, jealousy, or emotional harm. They suggest that maintaining open communication in committed relationships might be more constructive, fostering deeper trust and stability.

Critics of promiscuity often emphasize the potential emotional, physical, and social consequences that they believe outweigh the perceived benefits. They advocate for a more cautious approach to sexual relationships, one that prioritizes long-term well-being, emotional connection, and responsibility. Engaging in frequent casual sexual encounters may lead to emotional distress, feelings of emptiness, or regret, especially if these encounters lack emotional connection or result in unfulfilled expectations.
Promiscuity might hinder the ability to form deep, meaningful, and long-term relationships. Critics argue that frequent casual relationships can make it harder to build trust and intimacy with a single partner. Engaging with multiple partners increases the risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unintended pregnancies, especially if safe sex practices are not consistently followed. Some individuals may experience feelings of guilt or regret after engaging in casual sexual encounters, particularly if these actions conflict with their values or beliefs.
Critics suggest that promiscuity may be associated with mental health challenges, such as depression or anxiety, particularly if the behaviour is used to cope with underlying issues like low self-esteem or past trauma. Despite changing attitudes in some societies, promiscuity can still attract social stigma or judgment. This can lead to reputational harm, strained relationships with family or friends, or feelings of alienation.
Critics argue that promiscuity might contribute to a broader cultural trend of devaluing commitment, fidelity, and long-term relationships, potentially undermining the stability of families and communities. Casual sexual relationships can lead to complications, such as jealousy, misunderstandings, or emotional entanglements, especially if all parties are not on the same page about expectations or boundaries.

Critics argue that widespread promiscuity can have several potential negative effects on a nation, particularly in terms of social cohesion, public health, and cultural stability. Promiscuity can contribute to the erosion of traditional family structures by devaluing the importance of committed, long-term relationships. Strong family units are often seen as foundational to societal stability, and weakening these bonds could lead to a more fragmented society.
Some critics argue that promiscuity is a sign of moral decline, where individual pleasure is prioritized over collective well-being. This perceived moral degradation can lead to a loss of respect for social institutions, such as marriage, which are seen as pillars of societal order. Promiscuity might contribute to the weakening of shared cultural or moral values, leading to greater social fragmentation. When traditional norms around relationships and sexuality are challenged or disregarded, it can create divisions within communities, making it harder to maintain a cohesive society.
Promiscuity is associated with a higher risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), which can strain public health systems. Managing the spread of STIs requires significant resources, including healthcare costs, public health campaigns, and treatment programs. A rise in unintended pregnancies, particularly among those who are not in stable relationships, can increase the burden on social services, healthcare systems, and the economy.
Social instability stemming from promiscuity, such as the breakdown of families or increased health issues, can impact workforce productivity and economic growth. Higher rates of single parenthood, often associated with promiscuity, can lead to greater reliance on welfare systems, potentially straining government resources and affecting economic stability. Children born into unstable or non-committed relationships might face challenges, such as a lack of parental involvement, financial instability, or emotional distress. These issues can affect their development and prospects, potentially leading to long-term societal problems.
If promiscuity leads to widespread disregard for social norms and institutions, it could undermine respect for law and order, leading to social and political instability. A nation with weakened social institutions may struggle to maintain order and enforce laws effectively. Promiscuity might contribute to a broader cultural shift that challenges traditional values and norms, leading to an identity crisis within a nation. This could make it harder for a nation to maintain a strong, unified sense of identity, which is important for social cohesion and national pride.

Now back to our topic about explicit content. Explicit content can weaken a nation in several ways, particularly by impacting its cultural, social, and moral fabric. Exposure to explicit content, particularly in media, can contribute to a decline in societal morals and values. Over time, what was once considered inappropriate or taboo may become normalized, leading to a shift in cultural standards and potentially eroding the ethical foundations of society.
Explicit content can have a serious influence on young people, who are often more impressionable. Regular exposure to such material can shape their attitudes towards sex, violence, and relationships in ways that might not align with the values or goals of their society, leading to issues like increased sexual promiscuity, substance abuse, and aggressive behaviour. Explicit content can challenge traditional family values by promoting lifestyles or behaviours that may conflict with those values. This can lead to conflicts within families, weakening the family unit, which is often considered the cornerstone of a stable society. Constant exposure to explicit content, especially that which depicts violence or sexual activity, can desensitize individuals to these issues, reducing empathy and increasing tolerance for violence or inappropriate behaviour. This can contribute to a more aggressive and less compassionate society.
Explicit content often promotes a specific, sometimes foreign, set of values or ideals, which can undermine or erode traditional cultural norms and practices. This can lead to a loss of cultural identity and homogenization of values, which can weaken national unity and pride. The spread of explicit content, particularly pornographic material, can contribute to public health problems, including the spread of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), mental health issues like addiction, and distorted perceptions of sex and relationships. Addressing the consequences of widespread explicit content can impose significant legal and social costs, including the need for increased law enforcement, mental health services, and educational programs aimed at mitigating its negative effects.
Nations may face economic consequences as well, such as decreased productivity due to addiction or distraction, and the costs associated with dealing with the legal, health, and social repercussions of explicit content.

There are some countries where explicit content is officially banned or heavily restricted. Saudi Arabia has strict laws prohibiting all forms of explicit content, including pornography. The government imposes severe penalties for the production, distribution, and possession of such material. Internet content is also heavily censored to block access to explicit websites. In Iran, explicit content is strictly forbidden under Islamic law. The government enforces severe punishments, including imprisonment, for those caught producing, distributing, or consuming pornography. Internet censorship is also robust, blocking access to explicit websites.
The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has strict laws banning explicit content. The production, distribution, and possession of pornography are illegal and punishable by fines, imprisonment, or deportation for expatriates. Internet service providers are required to block access to explicit websites.
China has a complete ban on explicit content, including pornography. The government enforces strict censorship and imposes severe penalties for the production, distribution, or consumption of explicit material. The Great Firewall of China blocks access to foreign websites that host explicit content. In India, the distribution of pornography is illegal, though personal possession is not explicitly criminalized. The government has banned several websites that host explicit content and occasionally conduct raids to enforce these laws.
Pakistan has stringent laws prohibiting explicit content. The government censors the internet and blocks access to explicit websites. Those caught producing or distributing pornography can face severe penalties, including imprisonment. In North Korea, all forms of explicit content are strictly banned. The government exercises total control over media and information, and possession or distribution of pornography is met with severe punishment, including labour camps. Turkey has strict regulations against explicit content, particularly pornography. The government censors the internet and blocks access to explicit websites. Producing or distributing pornography can lead to legal consequences, including imprisonment. Egypt has laws prohibiting the production, distribution, and possession of explicit content. The government also blocks access to websites that host pornography and enforces penalties for violations, including imprisonment.

In Indonesia, the production, distribution, and possession of explicit content are illegal. The government has enacted laws to block access to explicit websites and imposes penalties for violations, including imprisonment and fines. However, the recently announced Government Regulation on Health has sparked controversy. One article, which mentions the provision of contraceptives for school-age and adolescent groups, has provoked sharp debate in society. PP Number 28 of 2024, concerning the Implementation of Law Number 17 on Health, includes several health programs, including reproductive health. Article 103, which addresses reproductive health efforts for school-age and adolescents, has caused particular controversy, especially Paragraph (4) item ‘e’, which pertains to the provision of contraceptives. This could lead to the perception that sexual relations among school-age children and adolescents are being permitted.

Some segments of Indonesian society might perceive this policy as a sign of moral decay or Westernization, potentially eroding traditional views on family, sexuality, and morality. This perception could lead to a sense of loss or dilution of national identity, especially among those who view these traditional values as central to what it means to be Indonesian. Indonesia is a country where traditional and religious values play a significant role in shaping societal norms. The provision of contraceptives to young people might be seen as conflicting with these values, which traditionally promote abstinence before marriage. This could lead to tensions between modern public health policies and deeply rooted cultural and religious beliefs.
The introduction of such a policy could lead to polarized public debate, with different groups advocating for or against the provision of contraceptives based on their interpretations of Indonesian identity. This polarization could manifest in the form of public protests, legal challenges, or heated discussions in the media, reflecting broader societal divisions. The provision of contraceptives to adolescents could influence how young Indonesians perceive their own identity, particularly concerning their sexuality and personal autonomy.

Doctors, health experts, and psychologists play crucial roles. Doctors and health experts are essential in educating adolescents and their families about the proper use of contraceptives, including their benefits, side effects, and limitations. Health experts can help design and implement sexual education programs that are medically accurate and age-appropriate. Psychologists can provide support by addressing these psychological concerns, helping young people navigate their emotions and making decisions that align with their values and well-being. Health professionals can collaborate with religious and cultural leaders to ensure that public health messages are delivered in a way that respects cultural and religious values.
Educators play a critical role in integrating sexual education into the school curriculum. Educators can also serve as a bridge between the school and parents, helping to communicate the objectives and benefits of sexual education. Sociologists and anthropologists can provide insights into the cultural and social dynamics that influence attitudes toward contraception and sexual health. They can help tailor educational materials and public health campaigns to reflect local values, traditions, and social norms, ensuring that they resonate with different communities across Indonesia.
Legal experts are essential in ensuring that the regulation is implemented within the framework of Indonesian law. Religious and ethical scholars can provide critical perspectives on how the regulation aligns with religious teachings and ethical principles. Their involvement can help ensure that the policy is implemented in a way that respects religious beliefs and moral values, reducing potential conflicts and gaining broader acceptance. Economists can analyze the financial implications of the regulation, including the costs of providing contraceptives and sexual education, as well as the potential savings from preventing unintended pregnancies and reducing healthcare costs.
By working together, these experts can help create a supportive environment that promotes the health and well-being of Indonesian adolescents while respecting the country’s cultural and social values.

In our next session, we will delve briefly into how political instability serves as an internal factor that weakens a nation. Ineffective or authoritarian leadership can plunge a country into chaos through poor decisions or oppressive actions. Widespread corruption undermines public trust and destabilizes governance. Ongoing internal conflicts can fracture a nation, leaving it susceptible to external threats. Biidhnillah."

Following this discussion, Seruni recited a poem,

In shadows deep, where virtues fade away,
Corruption thrives, and truth begins to sway.
A nation’s heart, once pure, now led astray,
In moral ruins, hope finds no display.